Chapter 4 (page 21)

Question 1

__________ is a water pushing force. It pushes fluid out of the blood capillaries and into interstitial fluid space (called _______________ ).

Answer 1

Capillary B/P

hydrostatic pressure

Question 2

The concentration of proteins present in the blood plasma decides how much water moves into blood from interstitial fluid (called __________ ).

Answer 2

Osmotic pressure

Question 3

Act as a water-pulling or water-holding force. Can hold water in the blood and also pull water into the blood from the interstitial fluid.

Answer 3

The plasma proteins

Question 4

Compounds that do not break up in water solution. These are mostly organic molecules like glucose, lipids, creatinine and urea.

Answer 4

Non-electrolytes

Question 5

Compounds that break up in water solution into separate particles (ions). They can conduct an electrical current.

Answer 5

Electrolytes

Question 6

Example of electrolytes:

Answer 6

inorganic salts, proteins and inorganic and

organic acids and bases.

Question 7

Electrolytes have an important nutrient and regulatory role in the body. This includes:

Answer 7

Hemoglobin production
Synthesis of Thyroid hormones
Nerve conduction
Muscle contraction

Question 8

Three fluid compartment that has a distinctive pattern of electrolytes:

Answer 8

Interstitial fluid
Blood plasma
Intracellular fluid

Question 9

It has high protein content. It also contains lots of sodium. Chloride is present but there is less chloride in plasma than interstitial fluid.

Answer 9

Blood plasma

Question 10

Interstitial fluid - mostly contains high levels of sodium and chloride and small amounts of potassium. While, Intracellular fluid has:

Answer 10

small amounts of sodium and chloride but lots of potassium,
phosphate and some magnesium.

Question 11

Mixing of body fluids is regulated by ________ and/or _______ pressure.

Answer 11

osmotic

hydrostatic

Question 12

Water moves freely between compartments along osmotic gradients but solutes depend on active transport to move between compartments.
Exchanges between plasma and interstitial fluid occur:

Answer 12

across capillary membr anes

Question 13

True or False

Nearly protein-free plasma is forced out of the bloodstream into the interstitial space by hydrostatic pressure of blood. This filtered fluid is almost completely reabsorbed into the bloodstream in response to the osmotic pressure of plasma proteins.

Answer 13

True