Chapter 6 Me Flashcards
The goal of fire protection is to?
to contain the fire within a building or area
A document developed by gathering data used by responding personnel in effectively managing emergencies for the protection of occupants, participants, responding personnel, property, and the environment
Pre incident planning
NFPA 1620
What do pre incident plans provide?
- Identifies in advance strategies/tactics/actions to consider
- Makes fire fighters familiar with the building
- Useful at the company level of practicing initial operations
What represents the exterior of a structure?
Plot plan
Interior views of a building; features are in direct relationship to each other
Floor plan
The pre incident plan should identify the location and details of every?
- Fire department connection
- Fire pump
- Standpipe system
- Automatic sprinkler system
Also
Smoke management and hazard protection systems
Total quantity of combustible products found within a room or space. Determines how much heat and smoke will be produced by a fire, assuming that all of the combustible fuel in that space is consumed
Fuel load
Fire develops in what 4 stages?
- Incipient stage
- Growth stage
- Fully developed stage
- Decay stage
Establishes legally enforceable regulations that relate specifically to fire and life safety, including related subjects such as regulation of hazardous materials and process protection and operating features
A fire code
AHJ for a state fire code is usually the?
state fire marshal
Inspections are conducted by?
- State fire marshals office
- Local fire department
- Code enforcement officials
Regulations that apply to the construction of a new building or an extension or major renovation of an existing building
building code
A fire code applies to?
Existing buildings and to situations that involve a potential fire risk or hazard
Local fire codes are enacted by?
Ordinance
A law enacted by an authorized subdivision of a state, such as a city, county, or town
Developed by standards organization, such as NFPA, and made available for adoption by AHJs. Developed through consensus process using a network of technical committees.
Model codes
Model codes can be adopted in what 2 ways?
- Adoption by reference
- Adoption by transcription
Series of pipes with small discharge nozzles located throughout a building
Automatic sprinkler system
What are the different sprinkler types?
- Wet pipe: water is always in pipes; requires less maintenance; faster reaction
- Dry pipe: installed in cold climates; uses air pressure to release water
- Deluge: found in occupancies with flammable liquid hazards; ready to discharge water as soon as the control valve opens
- Preaction: similiar to dry pipe but includes separate detection system that fills pipe; designed to reduce risk of water damage
Arrangement of piping, valves, hose connections, and allied equipment that allow water to be discharged through hoses and nozzles to reach all parts of the building
Standpipe system
What are the 3 standpipe classes?
-Class 1 provides 2 1/2 inch male coupling, intended for use by fire department or fire brigade members trained in the use of large hose streams
-Class 2 provides 1 1/2 inch hose coupling with a pre connected hose and nozzle in a house station cabinet. The hose is designed for occupant use
-Class 3 provides both connections. The 1 1/2 inch connection may have a pre connected hose line that can be used by the occupants until the fire department arrives
Increases water pressure in standpipe and automatic sprinkler systems
Fire pumps
-Designed to start automatically when the water pressure drops in a system or a fire suppression system is activated
What are some special extinguishing system?
- Carbon dioxide: fixed system; from pressurized tanks; displaces oxygen
- Dry or wet chemical: fixed system; protects commercial cooking devices and industrial processes; wet is preferred
- Halon/ clean agent: more efficient than carbon dioxide; banned since 1994; depletes ozone layer;
- Foam system: low expansion foam system used to protect hazards involving flammable or combustible liquids
Fire alarm systems are activated by?
- Manual fire alarm box
- Smoke detectors
- Heat detectors
- Water flow or pressure switch in a sprinkler system
Type I construction
- Fire resistive
- Construction elements are non combustible
- Level of protection is described by number of hours a building can resist fire effects
- Most durable and lasting structure
- Often uses compartmentation instead of sprinklers
- Metal elements can fail due to age and rust