Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Chapter 5- Skeletal system > Flashcards

Chapter 5- Skeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

two divisons

A

axial and appendicular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

head and center of body (skull, ribs, vertebral column)

A

axial skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

movement (limbs, pelvis)

A

appendicular skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

two types of bone tissue

A

compact and spongy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

type of bone tissue; dense, smooth bone

A

compact bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

type of bone tissue; bone with open spaces

A

spongy bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

components of the skeletal system

A

cartilage, bone, tendons, ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

fxn of skeletal system

A

protection, support, movement, storage, blood cell production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

most common, but weakest type of cartilage
LEAST FIBROUS
FOUND WHERE COMPRESSION OCCURS
structure: chrondrocytes, chondrotin sulfate, some collagen
location: embryonic skeleton, articular surfaces, resp passage, nasal septum, between ribs and sternum

A

hyaline cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

structure: chrondrocytes, chrondrotin sulfate, densely packed elastic fibers in matrix
flexible– allows for tension
location; auricle, tip and lateral walls of nose, epiglottis

A

elastic cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

structure: chrondrocytes, chrondrotin sulfates, densely packed collagen fibers
VERY STRONG. resists tension and compression
location: intervertebral disc, public symphysis, articular cartilage in knee

A

fibrocartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

fibrous connective tissue sheet that surrounds cartilage; provides support and protection and new chondrocytes to make new cartilage
location: hyaline cartilage and elastic cartilage

A

perichondrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

two layers of perichondrium

A

outer and inner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

layer of perichondrium that binds cartilage to adjacent tissues; provides support and protection– CTP that binds

A

outer layer of perichondrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

layer of perichondrium that it known fro growth and maintenance– where the tissue comes from

A

inner layer of perichondrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

growth process in which one adds to the outside

A

apositional growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

growth process in which one adds from the inside out

A

interstitial growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

supportive connective tissue that contains specialized cells. has a solid extra cellular matrix that contains fibers in the bone tissue (osteoids)

A

osseous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

mesenchymal cell that plays a role in initial bone growth and fracture repair. precursor to osteoblasts

A

osteoprogenitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

derived from osteogenic cells. secrete osteoid. common in growing bone. before osteocytes. INCREASED ACTIVITY = STRONGER BONE

A

osteoblast

21
Q

mature bone cells. exist within the matrix. maintain Ca an PO4. found in spaces of the lacunae

A

osteocytes

22
Q

involved in osteolysis (break down of bone tissue)// breaks down the matrix. INCREASED ACTIVITY = WEAKER BONES. very large cell that is formed from many white blood stem cells

A

osteoclasts

23
Q

a unit of compact bone. involves concentric lamellae of matrix surrounding the central canal. contains blood and nerves. connected to each other by perforating canals

A

osteons

24
Q

type of lamellae where layers of bone surround the central canal. it is made up of osteons

A

concentric lamellae

25
Q

type of lamellae found between osteons. represents older osteons partially removed during tissue remodeling

A

interstitual lamellae

26
Q

type of lamellae that surrounds the compact bone. it is directly produced from the periosteum

A

circumferential lamellae

27
Q

type of bone that contain trabeculae, osteocytes in the lacunae, has canaliculi and matrix. DOES NOT HAVE OSTEONS OR CENTRAL CANAL

A

spongy bone

28
Q

latticework of thin plates of bone oriented along lines of stress. spaces filled with red marrow when blood cells can develop. found on ends of long bones and inside flat bones. lightens the bone for easier movement

A

trabeculae

29
Q

encloses bone. absent at site of attachment of muscles, tendons and ligament– surfaces covered by articular cartilage. has two layers

A

periosteum

30
Q

layer of periosteum that gives rise to collagen

A

outer fibrous layer of periosteum

31
Q

layer of perisoteum used for growth or new cells and maintenance

A

inner layer of periosteum

32
Q

one cell layer. covers surfaces of spongy bone and medullary cavity. cell types found here osteogenic, osteoblasts, osteoclasts

A

endosteum

33
Q

shaft of the bone

A

diaphysis

34
Q

one end of a long bone

A

epiphysis

35
Q

growth plate region of the bone

A

metaphysis

36
Q

found over joint surfaces. acts as friction and shock absorbers

A

articular cartilage

37
Q

marrow cavity of the bone

A

medullary cavity

38
Q

type of bone marrow– areolar and adipose CT. found in meduallary cavity of long bones. stores energy and is absent in infants

A

yellow marrow

39
Q

type of bone marrow– areolar and myeloid tissue. produces all types of blood cells. found in medullary cavities of infants and spongy bone in adults

A

red marrow

40
Q

provides blood and nerve supply to periosteum

A

periosteal arteries

41
Q

supplies compact bone of diaphysis and yellow marrow. enters through nutrient foramen

A

nutrient arteries

42
Q

supply red marrow and bone tissue of epiphyses and metaphyses

A

metaphyseal and epipyseal arteries

43
Q

replacing connective tissue with bone

A

ossification

44
Q

types of ossification

A

intramembranous and endochondral

45
Q

type of ossification that transforms mesenchymal cells to spongy bone

A

intramembranous ossification

46
Q

type of ossification that transforms hyaline cartilage to spongy bone

A

endochondral ossification

47
Q

break that does not penetrate the skin

A

simple break

48
Q

break when broken bone penetrates through skin

A

compound break

49
Q

abnormal reduction of bone mass– due to loss of estrogen at menopause, deficiency of minerals in youth, imbalance in activity between osteoblasts and osteoclasts

A

osteoporosis

Anatomy (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions