Chapter 5 Flashcards
A period stretching from puberty to about 18-years-old characterized by the role adjustment from childhood to adulthood
adolescence
The ability to choose and act independently of external constraints
agency
When people prepare for future life roles
anticipatory socialization
The process by which new members of a total institution lose aspects of their old identity and are given new ones
degradation ceremony
The way people perform tasks based on assigned gender scripts and gendered feedback from significant others
doing gender
The study of variations in gene expression under the impact of environmental influences
epigenetics
The stage in child development in which children begin to recognize and interact with particular others on the basis of fixed norms and roles
game stage
A cognitive picture or abstraction delineating the difference between gender categories that people utilize to guide their behavior and information processing
gender schema
The common behavioural expectations of general society
generalized other
The informal teaching done in schools that socializes children to societal norms
hidden curriculum
The two components or phases of the self-reflective self
I and me
An activity in a bounded situation where there is a mutual focus of attention and a shared emotional experience
interaction ritual
The self or self-image that arises as the reaction to the judgement of others
looking glass self
The distribution of impersonal information to a wide audience via television, newspapers, radio, and the internet
mass media
A standard sequence of changes in a person’s moral capacity to be answerable for their actions
moral career
The way people learn what is “good” and “bad” in society
moral development
The influence of genetic makeup on self development
nature
The role that social environment plays in self development
nurture
A group made up of people who are similar in age and social status and who share interests
peer group
A time when children begin to episodically imitate and take on roles that another person might have
play stage
A time when children are only capable of imitation and have no ability to imagine how others see things
preparatory stage
The process by which old behaviours are removed and new behaviours are learned in their place
resocialization
A ritual that marks a life cycle transition from a previous status to a new status
rite of passage
When one or more of an individual’s social roles clash
role conflict
A person’s distinct sense of identity as developed through social interaction
self
Internalized social norms that define what people should do when they occupy a social role in society
social expectation
The behaviour expected of a person who occupies a particular position
social role
The process wherein people come to understand societal norms and expectations, to accept society’s beliefs, and to be aware of societal values
socialization
The three stages of child development (preparatory, play, game stage) in which the child develops the capacity to assume social roles
stages of child socialization
A theoretical perspective that focuses on the relationship of individuals within society by studying their communication (language, gestures, and symbols)
symbolic interactionism
An institution in which members are required to live in isolation from the rest of society
total institution
