Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the arrangement of organisms into groups based on similarities?

A

taxonomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who was the Swedish naturalist who devised a simple, practical method of scientific classification?

A

Carolus Linaeus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who was an English clergyman who devoted much time to natural studies and became well known for his work with plants?

A

John Ray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is defined by John Ray as a group of individuals derived from similar parents and themselves capable of reproducing their kind?

A

speices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is one of the main groups into which all organisms are derived in the Linnaean system of classification?

A

kingdom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is one of the main groups into which a kingdom is derived?

A

phylum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the level of taxonomy between phylum and order?

A

class

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the level of classification between class and family?

A

order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the level of classification between order and genus?

A

family

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the level of classification between family and species?

A

genus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the lowest level of the seven main levels of the Linnaean classification system?

A

species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a group of similar organisms that are all descendants from a single group of originally created organisms and may refer to a species, genus, or family?

A

kind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a system of assigning scientific names to organisms by using two words for each scientific name?

A

binomial nomenclature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the two words used in binomial nomenclature?

A

the genus and the species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are organisms that have membrane-bound nuclei and membrane-bound organelles?

A

eukaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are organisms which don’t have membrane-bound nuclei?

A

prokaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the six kingdoms into which living things are commonly divided today?

A

(1) Plantae, (2) Fungi, (3) Animalia, (4) Protista, (5) Eubacteria, (6) Archaebacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which of the common six kingdoms has green plants and are multicellular eukaryotes that have cell walls and usually perform photosynthesis?

A

Plantae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which of the common six kingdoms is all fungi, including yeast, molds, and mushrooms and are multicellular eukaryotes that have cells walls and do not conduct photosynthesis?

A

Fungi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which of the common six kingdoms consist of multicellular animals and are eukaryotes without cell walls; usually can move and collect food?

A

Animalia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which of the six common kingdoms are eukaryotes that are not green plants, fungi, or multicellular animals; most unicellular organisms, such as amoeba, euglena, and paramecium?

A

Protista

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which of the six common kingdoms is true bacteria including common disease-causing bacteria; prokaryote with cell walls made of the substance peptidoglycan?

A

Eubacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which of the six common kingdoms contain prokaryotes that do not contain peptidoglycan in their cells and have other key differences from true bacteria; many live in extreme temperatures?

A

Archaebacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is any of the three larger group into which kingdoms are placed?

A

domain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the supposed evolutionary relationship or organisms?

A

phylogeny

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What depicts all forms of life coming from a single lifeform?

A

phylogenic tree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the supposed relationship that comes from comparing organisms’ geneitc information?

A

molecular phylogeny

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are any of the plants that have vascular tissue?

A

vascular plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What type of vascular plants includes angiosperms and gymnosperms?

A

seed plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What type of vascular plants included ferns, mosses, and others?

A

nonseed plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are any of the plants that do not have vascular tissue?

A

nonvascular plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are plants that produce seeds but do not have vascular tissue?

A

gymnosperms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What type of gymnosperms are the ver familiar cone-bearing gymnosperms?

A

conifers

34
Q

What word refers to the cones that are produced by these trees and shrubs?

A

conifer

35
Q

What are the pollen-producing cones that are small and inconspicuous on a conifer?

A

staminate cones

36
Q

What are the seed-producing cones on a conifer?

A

ovulate cones

37
Q

What are conifers that have been found in the fossil record in the same strata as dinosaurs?

A

Wollemi pines

38
Q

What type of gymnosperm resembles palm tree and only grow in certain tropical and subtropical regions?

A

cycads

39
Q

What is an ornamental gymnosperm with two-lobed, fanshaped leaves?

A

ginko

40
Q

What is a small phylum of gymnosperms with varied characteristics and has only three genera?

A

gnetophytes

41
Q

What are nonflowering plants with spore-bearing leaves and horizontal underground stems?

A

ferns

42
Q

What are tiny, one-celled reproductive structures that can grown into distinct or independent organisms under the proper conditions?

A

spores

43
Q

What are small, brownish dots that are really groups of miniature spore cases?

A

sori

44
Q

What is the fern’s underground stem?

A

rhyzome

45
Q

What is the marvelous process of the life cycle of a fern involving both asexual and sexual reproduction?

A

alternation of generation

46
Q

What is the generation stage of a fern that is the asexual stage that produces spores?

A

sporophyte

47
Q

What is the generation stage of a fern that is the generation stage that is much smaller and is the sexual stage that produces gametes?

A

gametophyte

48
Q

What is the beginning of the gametophyte generation that produces special reporductive organs?

A

prothalus

49
Q

What are creeping vascular plants with erect stems that bear spores in club-shapes, cone-like structures and are not real mosses?

A

club mosses

50
Q

What is a typical club moss with horizontal stems that trial along the ground or grow just below the surface?

A

lycopodium

51
Q

What are vascular plants with unique, hollow, jointed stems and very small leaves present only at the joints?

A

horsetails

52
Q

What are nonvascular plants that lack xylem and phloem?

A

mosses

53
Q

What do botanists call mosses and liveroworts?

A

bryophytes

54
Q

What are the tiny, hair-like threads that grow into the soil to absorb water and minerals for mosses instead of roots?

A

rhizoids

55
Q

What is the gradual breakdown of minerals in rocks and the soil by means of mosses excreting chemicals?

A

chemical weathering

56
Q

What is a large, branching type of swamp-dwelling moss?

A

peat moss

57
Q

What is a composed accumulation of various, partially decayed plant materials that collect in swamps and marches over time?

A

peat

58
Q

What are nonvascular plants that often look like tiny leves and lack true leaves, roots, and stems?

A

liverworts

59
Q

What is the smallest of the green, chlorophyll-containing organisms and are the major producers of food in aquatic environments?

A

algae

60
Q

What is the largest group of algae?

A

green algae

61
Q

What is large group of freshwater green algae with two indentical sides?

A

desmids

62
Q

What are microorganisms that float near the surface of the water and provide food for larger organisms?

A

plankton

63
Q

What are differently shaped groups that single-celled green algae clump together into?

A

colonies

64
Q

What is an example of unicellular algae that live in colonies of hundreds of thousands of individual cells and live in pale-green globular colonies?

A

volvox

65
Q

What are cells of filamentous algae that contain one or more ribbon-like chloroplasts arranged in a spiral?

A

spirogyra

66
Q

What is a special type of anchoring cell that grow attached to rocks and debris to anchor the cell?

A

holdfast

67
Q

What is the most abundant life from on earth except for bacteria that is the most interesting and numerous of the yellow algae?

A

diatoms

68
Q

What are layers formed under certain conditions that form when the shells of diatoms accumulate and become packed together?

A

diatomaceous earth

69
Q

What are mostly brown algae that include the kelps, rockweeds, and gulfweeds?

A

seaweed

70
Q

What is the largest of the brown algae that grow in both the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and may be over 60m long?

A

kelps

71
Q

What is a type of brown algae that are attached to rocks along the seashore by holdfasts and are designed to survive in the harsh conditions of a changing environment?

A

rockweeds

72
Q

What is a type of brown algae that have a main stem with flattened, leaf-like outgrowths and branches that contain airs sacs?

A

gulfweeds

73
Q

What is a gummy substance derived from kelp and can hold several different liquids together in an emulsion?

A

algin

74
Q

What is the algae that live in the sea like brown algae and vary in color from pink and red to purple and even black? What is a common example?

A

red algae; Irish moss

75
Q

What are microscopic, one-celles, aquatic organisms found in both salt and fresh water?

A

dinoflagellates

76
Q

What is the phenomenon that occurs when a certain dinoflagellate blooms producing great quantities of a high toxic nerve poison?

A

red tide

77
Q

What type of algae commonly clump together to form colonies but are prokaryotes and thus classified under bacteria in kingdom Eubacteria?

A

blue-green algae

78
Q

What is blue-green algae commonly called?

A

cyanobacteria

79
Q

What is a genus of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria whose cells look like tiny beads or barrels?

A

anabaena

80
Q

What is the process in which plant nutrients enter an aquatic ecosystem?

A

eutrophication

Biology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions