Chapter 2 Flashcards
What are living things composed of more than one cell called?
Multicellular organisms
What is a group of structures designed to function together as a unit to perform a particular job for an organism?
System
What is a structure within a system that is a definite form and performs a definite function or functions for the system?
Organ
What is a part of the plant that is ordinarily underground, anchoring the plant, and the functions in the absorption of nutrients and storage of food?
Root system
What is the part of the plant that is usually found above ground, holding the leaves toward the sun for the manufacturing of food and providing for the protection of the flowers, fruits and seeds?
Shoot system
What are the three basic leaf shapes?
Brought in flat, long and narrow, needle- like or scale - like
What is the flat portion of a leaf?
Blade
What are the pipelines that carry food and water throughout the blade?
Veins
What is the edge of the blade?
Margin
What is a large vein running down the center of the blade?
Midrib
What is the second major part of a typical leaf that attaches the blade to the stem and contains vascular tissues that conduct substances between the blade and the stem?
Petiole
What are leaves that lack a petiole referred to as?
sessile leaves
What is a certain sessile leaf that attaches to the stem and seems to wrap around the stem?
Sheath
What are small leaf - like or scale - like structures that helped to cover the leaf when it was developing?
Stipules
What contain a developing leaf or stem structure?
buds
What type of leaf has only one blade on every petiole?
Simple leaf
What type of leaf has more than one blade on every petiole?
Compound leaf
What is each small blade on a compound leaf called?
Leaflet
What are the points at which leaves grow from the stem called?
Nodes
What is the type of arrangement that occurs when two leaves grow from each node?
Opposite arrangement
What are the small appendages that cover the buds when they are dormant in the cold winter months?
bud scales
What are marks on a branch that show where leaves had previously grown?
Leaf scars
What are marks that show where bud scales had previously grown?
Bud - scale scars
What is the type of arrangement that occurs when only one leaf grows from each node in an alternating pattern up the branch?
Alternate arrangement
What is the type of arrangement that occurs when there are three or more leaves growing from each node?
Whorled arrangement
What is the arrangement that occurs when a cluster of leaves grow around the base of a plant?
Rosette arrangements
What is living material that is constructed in such a way as to perform a particular task for the organs of an organism?
Tissue
What is the type of tissue that composes most of the body of a plant?
Structural tissue
What is the type of tissue that protects and covers leaves, roots, stems, and other exposed areas and prevents excessive water lossand injury by outside agents?
Epidermal tissue
What consists of a wavy substance that helps to seal and water?
Cuticle layer
What type of tissue grows in the place of bark on a young stem?
Cork tissue
What type of tissues is the support and strengthening tissue that consists of fibers that run through roots, stems, large veins of leaves?
Parenchyma
What type of tissue is composed of elongated, tubular cells that are sap conducting tissues?
Vascular tissue
What type of vascular tissue transports water and dissolved minerals aboard from the roots to the leaves?
Xylem