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Biology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the study of living things?

A

biology

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2
Q

What is any living thing?

A

organism

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3
Q

What are regions where particular organisms normally live?

A

habitat

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4
Q

What is the study of plants?

A

botany

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5
Q

What is the study of animals?

A

zoology

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6
Q

What is the study of the physical structure and function of the human body?

A

human anatomy and physiology

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7
Q

What is the part of a plant that will produce fruits and seed?

A

flowers

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8
Q

What is the part of the plant that produces food through photosynthesis?

A

leaves

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9
Q

What part of the plant transports and stores food?

A

stems

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10
Q

What type of plant is a plant with a single, tall woody stem?

A

woody plant

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11
Q

What is a plant with a woody stem that stand erect without support?

A

tree

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12
Q

What type of plant has a soft stem?

A

herbaceous plant

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13
Q

What is any plant with a long, thin stem that grows along the ground or has tendrils that branch off from it?

A

vine

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14
Q

What type of root system has the main root grow straight down and remains larger that the secondary roots that branch off from it?

A

taproot system

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15
Q

What type of root system has the primary root remain small and many slender secondary roots that grow from it in all directions?

A

fibrous root system

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16
Q

What is a flowering seed plant whose flowers produce seeds covered by fruit and comprise about half of all known plants?

A

angiosperms

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17
Q

What is one of the largest families of angiosperms that is also called the sunflower family?

A

composite family

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18
Q

What is the top portion of the flower?

A

head

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19
Q

What are flowers at the center of the head that usually produce the fruits and seeds?

A

disk flowers

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20
Q

What are the flowers on the outer portion of the head that are mistaken for petals?

A

ray flowers

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21
Q

What is the family of plants that have square stems and whose members are often very aromatic?

A

mint family

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22
Q

What are some examples of members of the mint family?

A

oregano, salvia, peppermint. sage, etc.

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23
Q

What is the plant family whose members are used as foods and seasonings and are known for their composite flowers?

A

parsley family

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24
Q

What are some examples of the parsley family?

A

Queen Anne’s lace, celery, dill, poison hemlock, etc.

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25
Q

What is a life cycle completed in a single growing season?

A

annual

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26
Q

What is a life cycle completed in two growing seasons?

A

biennial

27
Q

What is the life cycle that continues from year to year, blooming each season?

A

perennial

28
Q

What is the plant family that includes plants with showy flowers and thorny stems?

A

rose family

29
Q

What are some characteristics of the members of the rose family?

A

petals in groups of five, petals that open wide, thorny stems, showy flowers, etc.

30
Q

What are some members of the rose family?

A

garden rose, wild rose, apples, pear, etc.

31
Q

What is the plant family that is one of the biggest families of flowering plants and are known for their pod-like fruits?

A

pea family

32
Q

What are some examples of members of the pea family?

A

lentils, peanut, alfalfa, mimosa trees, clover, etc.

33
Q

What is a member of the pea family that is a rapidly growing vine that was imported from China and Japan to the southern United States?

A

kudzu

34
Q

What is the plant family that consists of nutritious plants that are characterized by many of the green, leafy vegetables that we eat?

A

mustard family

35
Q

What are some examples of the mustard family?

A

cabbage, collards, radish, cauliflower, etc.

36
Q

What is a member of the pea family commonly referred to as?

A

a legume

37
Q

Which plant family’s members actually enrich the soil as they grow?

A

the pea family

38
Q

What type of nitrogen can plants?

A

nitrogen in the ground, not from the air

39
Q

What is the type of bacteria in the ground that converts atmospheric nitrogen into nitrates and ammonia?

A

nitrogen-fixing bacteria

40
Q

What type of bacteria in the ground converts decomposing matter into nitrates?

A

nitrifying bacteria

41
Q

What type of bacteria in the ground converts unused nitrates back into atmospheric nitrogen?

A

denitrifying bacteria

42
Q

Which plant family is a diverse family whose members include the Joshua tree, the tulip, etc.?

A

lily family

43
Q

Which plant family is most popular because of it’s delicious nuts but also consists of poison ivy, poison sumac, and poison oak?

A

cashew family

44
Q

Which plant family includes many important foods like tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, but also tobacco?

A

nightshade family

45
Q

What is the portion of an angiosperm embryo that contains stores food used to supply the energy for production?

A

cotyledon

46
Q

What are some characteristics of the monocot?

A

-parallel veins
- petals in multiples of 3
- fibrous root system
- one cotyledon

47
Q

What are some characteristics of dicots?

A
  • broad, flat leaves
  • petals in multiples of 5
  • taproot system
  • two cotyledons
48
Q

What are among the most important of flowering seed plants?

A

grasses

49
Q

What is another name for grasses?

A

germanoids

50
Q

What type of grass is used for lawns, athletic fields, golf courses, and playgrounds?

A

turf grass

51
Q

What type of grass is used to beautify gardens, parks, and lawns?

A

pompas grass

52
Q

What type of grass can also sometimes be used in landscaping?

A

woody grass

53
Q

What is a creeping stem that grows above the ground?

A

stolon

54
Q

What is the area where the leaves of grass come from; it also seems to wrap around the stem at the base of the leaf?

A

sheath

55
Q

What are the flowers of fruits of grass?

A

grains

56
Q

What is the largest of all plants?

A

tree

57
Q

What are trees having broad, flat leaves?

A

broadleaf trees

58
Q

What are most broadleaf trees called if they lose their leaves in the fall and remain bare all winter?

A

deciduous trees

59
Q

What are trees that retains leaves throughout the winter?

A

evergreen

60
Q

What is the bushy head that the leaves of a tree form?

A

crown

61
Q

What is the main stem of a tree?

A

trunk

62
Q

What are long tassel-like clusters of tiny grayish-or yellowish-green flowers?

A

catkins

63
Q

What are fruits that have tiny wings to catch the breeze so that the seeds will be efficiently scattered?

A

samara

64
Q

What is America’s largest deciduous tree?

A

sycamore

Biology (8 decks)

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