Chapter 13 Flashcards
What was man commanded by God to do in Genesis 1:28 with creation?
subdue the earth for the glory of God and for the good of humanity
What was the people group who whose most notable progress was in the study of human anatomy, physiology, and nature?
Hebrews (Jews)
Who was the most famous early Hebrew naturalist?
Soloman
Who is a person who uses knowledge of science for the benefit of mankind?
naturalist
What was the people group who borrowed the wisdom of the ancients and led them to a demonstration of the unity and consistency in nature?
Greeks
What was the early Greek naturalist who advocated an explanation for the origin of life based solely on natural principles?
Anaximander
What is the idea that living things can arise from nonliving things?
spontaneous generation
What is the teaching that all living things developed from a common ancestor?
evolution
Who was an early Greek philosopher whose thoughts influences Western science?
Plato
What is the system of thought developed by Plato that is the based on the idea that the physical world is not genuinely real?
doctrine of ideas
Who was Plato’s most famous disciple as well as a Greek naturalist and philosopher?
Aristotle
What is the system of thought developed by Aristotle that is based on the idea that intellectual speculation is the highest form of reality?
Aristotle
What was the people group who were compilers of knowledge who made many original advances in natural science?
Romans
Who was a Roman general who wrote the book Natural History?
Pliny the Elder
What was the book that touched on many scientific subjects but was considered to be of little scientific value?
Natual History
What was a Greek physician whose work became the absolute authority in human anatomy for over a thousand years?
Galen
What was a Greek sect of Christianity?
Nestorians
What was modern science built on?
biblical principles
What was the hallmark of the Protestant movement that made people very interested in the natural world that the God of the Scriptures had created?
the return to the authority of the Scriptures
Who was the great German Reformer who set a good example to his followers for using the Scriptures to arrive at an understanding of reality?
Martin Luther
What was a Protestant pastor and schoolmaster who wrote Herbarium Vivae Eicanes?
Otto Brunfels
What was the book that had more that 250 plane illustrations?
Herbarium
Who taught at the Protestant university in Tubinen and accurately illustrated 500 medicinal plants?
Leonhard Fuchs
Who was probably the best-educated naturalist of his day?
Konrad Gesner
What was the “Father of Anatomy”?
Andreas Vesalius
What was Vesalius’s book about his discoveries?
Fabrica
What was the Englisih physiologist known for his classic work on the circulation of blood throughout the body?
William Harvey
What is the idea that the universe consists of nothing but matter and energy?
materialism
What was the group created to reradiate the unbelieving ideas of materialistic philosophies?
Royal Society
What was the academy that was largely supported by Huguenots and Jansenists?
French Academy of Sciences
Who was the first to devote an entire book exclusively to microscopic obvervations?
Robert Hooke
Who was the first person to devote his whole life to studies with the microscope?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
What is the theory that all living things are composed of living units called cells and of cell products and that all cells come from preexisting cells?
cell theory
What is the systematic thought process used by scientists to collect data and assmeble that data to confirm or discard a hypothesis?
scientific method
What type of reasoning that is reasoning from a specific event in nature to their general causes?
inductive reasoning
What are rules of conduct that apply to a member of society or to someone in a particular vocation?
ethics
What are tentative solutions to a scientific problem?
hypotheses
Are hypotheses the answer to the problem?
no
What type of experiments are experiments in which all factors are identical except the one being tested?
controlled experiment
What is the factor being tested in a controlled experiment?
independent variable
What is any factor in a controlled experiment that is observed to determine an experiment’s results?
dependent variable
What is the group in a controlled experiment from which the independent variable is absent?
control group
What is the repeating of experimental work?
replication
What is the general agreement of scientists that a particular hypothesis is correct?
consensus
What is a hypothesis that has passed the test of many well-designed experiments and has the support of other scientists?
theory
What is a theory that stands the test of time and is verified by experiment after experiment?
scientific law
What is the goal of science?
to determine God’s laws of nature and use them for man’s benefit and God’s glory
Who was the Italian physician whose experiments with flies provided strong evidence against the idea of spontantous generation?
Francesco Redi
Who was the French scientist who demonstrated that not even the simplest organisms can develop fro mnonliving matter?
Louis Pasteur
What is the scientific law stating that living things can come only from other living things?
law of biogenesis
What is the idea that science can find answers for all the problems in life?
scientism
