Chapter 4

Question 1

Condition where myelination doesn’t or barely covers the neurons; also caused by abnormal dendritic spines

Answer 1

Intellectual disability

Question 2

Communication within the nervous system and with organs, muscles, and glands

Answer 2

Neurons

Question 3

Maintains neuronal environment, repairs/feeds neurons, modulate neural transmission and breathing

Answer 3

Astrocyte

Question 4

What glial cells are in the CNS (3)?

Answer 4

Astrocytes, oligodendroglia, microglia

Question 5

Produces myelin in CNS

Answer 5

Oligodendroglia

Question 6

Scavenge debris and defend against foreign substances

Answer 6

Microglia

Question 7

Produces myelin in PNS

Answer 7

Schwann cells

Question 8

Maintains neuronal environment in PNS

Answer 8

Satellite cells

Question 9

What are the 2 glial cells in the PNS?

Answer 9

Schwann and satellite cells

Question 10

Why are neurons different from other cells?

Answer 10

Specialized projections, can communicate with each other through electrochemical process, can be long (several feet)

Question 11

What is the only way that PNS neurons regenerate?

Answer 11

If cell body is intact

Question 12

The fundamental structural and functional unit of the nervous system

Answer 12

Neuron

Question 13

What are the 3 parts of a neuron?

Answer 13

Dendrites, axon, and cell body.

Question 14

Purpose is to communicate and pass along signals in the nervous system

Answer 14

Neuron

Question 15

Motor signals from the CNS to the PNS

Answer 15

Efferent

Question 16

Sensory signals from PNS to CNS

Answer 16

Afferent

Question 17

Dendrites to the axon

Answer 17

Electrical phase

Question 18

Neurotransmitter to synaptic cleft

Answer 18

Chemical phase

Question 19

What type of energy are nerve impulses made of?

Answer 19

Electrochemical

Question 20

Condition where the patient has sub-average intelligence that occurs before age 18; substantial limitations in functioning

Answer 20

Intellectual disability