Chapter 11

Question 1

What are the 4 components of speech?

Answer 1

Phonation, respiration, articulation, resonance

Question 2

Dynamic motor process where phonation, respiration, articulation, and resonance is coordinated in order to produce sounds grouped together in words

Answer 2

Speech

Question 3

Motor speech system where you are coming up with something to say; includes the limbic (feelings) system, pre-frontal cortex (thoughts and ideas)

Answer 3

Conceptual level

Question 4

Planning including form, content, use

Answer 4

Linguistic planning

Question 5

Plans and arrangements of those phonemes

Answer 5

Motor planning

Question 6

Which area of the brain is important for motor planning?

Answer 6

Pre-motor cortex

Question 7

Execution of phonemes using discrete movements of the articulators

Answer 7

Motor programs

Question 8

What 3 parts of the brain are important areas for programming speech?

Answer 8

Basal ganglia, supplementary motor area, cerebellum

Question 9

Part of the brain that regulates motor functioning, especially tone and posture for smooth, precise motor movements

Answer 9

Basal ganglia

Question 10

What makes up the basal ganglia (5)?

Answer 10

Caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nuclei (all make up deep gray matter)

Question 11

What does the basal ganglia use to regulate muscle function, tone, and posture?

Answer 11

Neurotransmitters

Question 12

What can damage to the basal ganglia cause?

Answer 12

Parkinson’s, dyskinesias

Question 13

Disorder of movement

Answer 13

Dyskinesia

Question 14

Another name for a direct pathway

Answer 14

Pyramidal pathway

Question 15

Another name for an indirect pathway

Answer 15

Extra-pyramidal

Question 16

Part of the brain in charge of coordinating muscle movements so that they are skilled and sequential

Answer 16

Cerebellum

Question 17

What can damage to the cerebellum cause?

Answer 17

Ataxic dysarthria

Question 18

What lobe in the cerebellum is the most important for speech?

Answer 18

Posterior

Question 19

What test is most important to assess cerebellar function in speech?

Answer 19

Diadochokinetic tasks

Question 20

What are the 3 lobes of the cerebellum?

Answer 20

Flocculonodular, anterior, posterior