CHAPTER 23 ABS Flashcards
purple discoloration at the flanks is what sign
Grey Turner sign
this indicates bleeding within abdominal wall
Grey Turner Sign
in assessing abs where does yellow hue of jaundice may be more apparent
Abdomen
pale, taut skin may be seen with
ascites
this is an abdominal swelling indicating fluid accumulation
ASCITES
dilated veins ; obstruction of inferior vena cava; portal hypertension indicate
cirrhosis of the liver
these are dilate surface arterioles and capillaries with a central star
spider angioma
spider angioma may be seen with
liver disease or portal hypertension
dark bluish pink striae are associated with
Cushing’s syndrome
nonhealing/irregular scars, redness, inflammation may result from
burns
old, silver, white striae are they normal or abnormal
abnormal
a reddish or purple lesion seen in the abdomen are called
petechiae
bluish or purple discoloration around umbilicus indicating intra abdominal bleeding is called
cullen’s sign
caused by pressure from mass, enlarged organs or scar tissue is a sign of
deviated umbilicus
this is seen with abdominal distention; everted umbilicus
umbilical hernia
term for sunken abdomen seen with severe weight loss/cachexia
scaphoid
a sign of full bladder, uterine enlargmet or ovarian tumor or cyst
distention bellow umbilicus
reasons for a protuberant or distended abdomen
obesity
air/gas
fluid accumulation
a protrusion of the bowel through the abdominal wall
hernia
appears as a bulging between vertical midline separation of abdominis rectus muscles
diastasis recti
diminished abdominal respiration
peritoneal irritation
a vigorous wide, exagg pulsations may be seen with
abdominal aortic aneurysm
these are increased ripple like fashion from LUQ to RLQ w intestinal obstruction
Peristaltic waves
normal finding of gurgles heard at auscultating abdomen what duration
5 to 30 minutes
loud prolonged gurgles ; hyperactive bowel sounds
borborygmi
hypoactive bowel sounds indicated
diminished bowel motility
common causes of hypoactive bowel sounds are
abdominal surgery
late bowel obstruction
common causes of hyperactive bowelsounds are
diarrhea, gastroenteritis
peritonitis/paralytic ileus indicate
absent bowel sounds
a stomach emptying takes how much time to recover
24-48 hours
emptying of the colon requires how much time
3-5 days
when a bruit is heard what does it indicate
an obstructed artery
a patient with hypertension and heard sounds in his renal artery, what is the diagnoses
renal artery stenosis
this indicates an increased collateral circulation and heard in the epigastric & umbilical region
Venous hums
a friction rub heard over lower r, costal are indicates what
hepatic abscess/metastatses
a friction rub heard at anterior axillary lin in lower l. costal indicates
splenic infarction
what is heard over a gaseous distended abdomen when percussing
hyperresonance
this is the percussion across the abdomen
shifting dullness
is characterized by an area of dullness is the spleen greater than 7 cm
Splenomegaly
a right sided guarding may be due to
cholecystitis
a soft center of the umbilicus can be a potention of
herniation
a normal aorta is approximately:
2.5 to 3.0 cm
a wide aortic pulse indicates
aneurysm
hydronephrosis may indicate
large kidneys
a palpable kidney is normal :T OR F
false
a palpation technique performed to identify a mass or enlarged organ within ascitic abdomen
Ballotement technique
test fluid in the abdomen
Fluid wave test
a sharp stabbing pain after releasing pressure
Blumberg’s sign
assessing for rebound tenderness and rovsing’s sign is a test for
Appendicitis
appendictis; a significant pain in the RLQ indicates a
Positive Mcburney’s sign
pressing left lq but feels pain sa right
Rovsing’s sign
raising clients right leg from hip and applying pressure agains lower thigh is what test
Assessing Psoas Sign
supporting clients right knee and flexing hip and rotate leg
Assessing obturator sign
stroking abdomen with a sharp object is what type of test
Hypersensitivity test
inflammation of the gallbladder
Cholecystitis
Connective tissue muscle extends forward to encase a vertical muscle of the anterior abdominal wall
Rectus abdominis
Muscle fibers and aponeuroses at the midline of the abdomen forms white line
Linea alba
Protect internal organs and allow
normal compression during functional activities such as cough, sneeze, urination, defecation, and childbirth
Abdominal wall
lines and protects most of the internal organ
Peritoneum
filter the blood of cellular debris
Spleen
Expandable muscular sac located behind the pubic bone in the midline of the abdomen
Urinary bladder
where can vascular structures be palpated
felt in the RLQ and LLQ
Jaundice with clay color or alcoholic stools and dark urine
Obstructive gallbladder
An area of skin receiving sensory
innervation from a single spinal nerve dorsal root
Dermatomes
Purple discoloration at the flanks (grey turner sign)
Pancreatitis
Yellow hue of jaundice in abdomen indicates
Hepa B and Liver disease
narrowing of the pylorus, the opening from the stomach, into the small intestine gastric outlet obstruction
Pyloric stenosis
blood problem in the spleen
Mononucleosis
