CHAPTER 19 LUNGS Flashcards
Type of respirations
diaphragm or chest
What is COPD?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
ex of COPD
(Emphysema & Bronchitis)
pigeon chest, protrusion
Carinatum
funnel chest, inward
Excavatum
pattern of respiration for men Men & Children
Diaphragmatic
Pattern of Respirations for women
Thoracic or costal
RR more than 20
Tachypnea
RR less than 12
Bradypnea
Alternating tachypnea and Apnea
Cheyne-Stokes
Irregular pattern of normal resp. and apnea
Biot’s respiration
Awakening from sleep with SOB
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
Deep rapid and laborious
Kussmaul
Marks the site of tracheal bifurcation, and the upper border of the atria of the heart
Angle of Louis/Manubriosternal angle
Air that has escaped into the SQ tissues
Cellophane paper crackling
Crepitus
consolidation, tumors, pneumonia indicate what vibration of the tactile fremitus
Increased vibration
pneumothorax, pleural effusion, emphysema, atelectasis, obstruction indicate what vibration
Decreased vibration
normal breath sounds
Vesicular
bronchiovesicular
bronchial
Found over the trachea and above manubrium.
Loud, harsh, high pitched, blowing sound.
Bronchial
Found on either side of sternum and between scapula on back. Moderate intensity.
Inspiration = Expiration
Bronchovesicular
Found over lung periphery. Low pitched, soft breezy sound.
Inspiration > Expiration by 2 ½ times.
Vesicular
indicate serous secretions in the distal bronchioles
Crackles
2 types of crackles
Fine
Coarse
- high pitched, popping sound, like rubbing of hair.
- Heard during inspiration.
- Does not clear with coughing.
-Heard with obstructive diseases.
Fine crackles
-low pitched, crumpling cellophane paper sound.
-Heard throughout inspiration,
maybe expiration Heard with pneumonia,
-pulmonary edema
Coarse crackles
heard in lower part of chest, anterolateral surface.
Coarse rubbing or grating sound. Does not clear with coughing.
Pleural Friction Rub
hi pitched, musical. Heard during inspiration
Heard with asthma, emphysema, and other obstructive lung dx
Sibilant (rhonchi)
2 types of wheezes
SIBILANT & SONOROUS
low pitched, snoring sound. Clears with coughing.
partial obstruction from secretions, tumor, bronchitis.
Sonorous (rhonchi)
Hi pitched, crowing sound. Heard with croup, obstructed airway
stridor
this is the Auscultation of the posterior chest. 99 should be soft and muffled, if loud and clear, consider lung consolidation.
Bronchophony
this is the evaluating the intensity of spoken voice; eee soft ; aaa lung consideration
Egophony
this is performed when a positive bronchophony is auscultated ; whisper 1, 2, 3
Whispered pectoriloquy
