CHAPTER 20 - breast

Question 1

an accessory reproductive organ with two functions: to produce and store milk that provides nourishment
for newborns and to aid in sexual stimulation.

Answer 1

female breasts

Question 2

upper outer quadrant, which extends into the axillary area, is referred to as the

Answer 2

tail of Spence.

Question 3

Most breast tumors occur in this quadrant.

Answer 3

upper outer quadrant,

Question 4

the nipples Contains the tiny openings ____ through which milk passes.

Answer 4

lactiferous ducts

Question 5

the areola contains elevated sebaceous glands called

Answer 5

(Montgomery glands)

Question 6

Secrete a protective lipid
substance during lactation.

Answer 6

Montgomery glands

Question 7

Cause the nipple to become
\ more erectile during stimulation.

Answer 7

Smooth muscle fibers in the areola

Question 8

During embryonic development, a _____ extends from each axilla to the groin
area.

Answer 8

milk line
or ridge

Question 9

develops
from the axilla to the groin during the 5th week of fetal development.

Answer 9

ectodermal galactic band

Question 10

other term for other breast tissue

Answer 10

supernumerary nipples

Question 11

will result to the
development of extra nipples.

Answer 11

Failure to atrophy

Question 12

The functional capability of the breast is related to what:

Answer 12

the glandular tissue

Question 13

Constitutes the functional part of the breast,
allowing for milk production.

Answer 13

GLANDULAR TISSUE

Question 14

the GLANDULAR TISSUE is arranged in to how many lobes

Answer 14

15 to 20 lobes

Question 15

slight enlargement in
each duct before it reaches the nipple.

Answer 15

Lactiferous sinus

Question 16

provides support for the glandular tissue

Answer 16

FIBROUS TISSUE

Question 17

fibrous tissues support uses bands called the

Answer 17

Cooper’s
ligaments

Question 18

provides most of the substance to the
breast, determining the size and shape of the
breasts.

Answer 18

subcutaneous and retromammary fat

Question 19

Lymphatics from most of the breast drain to
the

Answer 19

axilla.

Question 20

nodes drain the anterior chest
wall and breasts.

Answer 20

ANTERIOR NODES (PECTORAL)

Question 21

The posterior chest wall and part of the arms
are drained by

Answer 21

POSTERIOR NODES (SUBSCAPULAR)

Question 22

these nodes drain most of the arms.

Answer 22

LATERAL NODES (brachial)

Question 23

nodes receive drainage from the anterior, posterior, and lateral lymph nodes.

Answer 23

CENTRAL NODES (MID-AXILLARY)

Question 24

(BSE) meaning

Answer 24

breast self-
examination

Question 25

- A recent increase in the size of one breast may indicate

Answer 25

Inflammation or abnormal growth

Question 26

is associated with breast inflammation.

Answer 26

Redness

Question 27

Results from edema, which is seen in metastatic breast disease.

Answer 27

Pigskin-like or orange-peel (peau d’orange)

Question 28

a breast edema is caused by

Answer 28

blocked lymphatic drainage.

Question 29

Prominent venous pattern - May occur because of

Answer 29

increased circulation due to a malignancy.

Question 30

Asymmetric venous pattern

Answer 30

malignancy.

Question 31

It is associated with carcinoma,

Answer 31

Peau d’orange skin

Question 32

Red, scaly, crusty areas in the breast may indicate

Answer 32

Paget’s disease.

Question 33

A recently retracted nipple that was previously everted - Suggests

Answer 33

malignancy.

Question 34

caused by a malignant tumor that has fibrous strands attached to the breast tissue and the fascia of the muscles. - As the muscle contracts, it draws the breast tissue and skin with it,

Answer 34

Dimpling or retraction

Question 35

Restricted movement of breast or retraction of the skin or the nipple - Indicates

Answer 35

fibrosis and fixation ; malignant tumor.

Question 36

Thickening of the tissues - May occur with an

Answer 36

underlying malignant tumor.

Question 37

May be indicative of fibrocystic breasts, especially right before menstruation.

Answer 37

Painful, tender breasts

Question 38

Heat in non-lactating or non-postpartum women's breasts suggests

Answer 38

inflammation.

Question 39

are typically 1–5 cm, round or oval, mobile, firm, solid, elastic, nontender, single or multiple benign masses

Answer 39

Fibroadenomas

Question 40

collections of fatty tissue that can also manifest as lumps.

Answer 40

Lipomas

Question 41

a harmless growth in a milk duct near the areola, commonly affects women aged 35 to 50.

Answer 41

Intraductal papilloma,

Question 42

May indicate endocrine disorders or certain medications,

Answer 42

Nipple discharge

Question 43

dark, velvety pigmentation in the axillae

Answer 43

(acanthosis nigricans)

Question 44

Redness and inflammation at the mastectomy or lumpectomy site suggest

Answer 44

infection.

Question 45

males, soft, fatty breast enlargement is associated with

Answer 45

obesity.

Question 46

smooth, firm, movable disc of glandular tissue, sometimes occurring during puberty or due to hormonal imbalances, drug abuse, cirrhosis, leukemia, or thyrotoxicosis.

Answer 46

Gynecomastia

Question 47

Palpation is performed in a sequential manner:

Answer 47

Supraclavicular and infraclavicular lymph nodes

Question 48

Are common benign (non-cancerous) breast tumors made up of both glandular tissue and stromal (connective) tissue.

Answer 48

Fibroadenomas

Question 49

Also called fibrocytic breast disease

Answer 49

Benign Breast Disease

Question 50

The condition Benign Breast Disease is most common from age

Answer 50

30 to menopause,

Question 51

Is the process of using low-dose X-rays to examine the human breast.

Answer 51

MAMMOGRAPHY

Question 52

used by physicians to evaluate breast abnormalities that have been found with screening or diagnostic mammography or during a clinical breast examination.

Answer 52

ULTRASONOGRAPHY

Question 53

uses sound waves and picks up the echoes to create images and allows imaging the breast from any orientation.

Answer 53

Ultrasound

Question 54

The withdrawal of fluid or tissue from a cavity via a hollow needle with an aspirator tube attached to an end.

Answer 54

NEEDLE ASPIRATION

Question 55

Measuring the regional temperature of a body part or organ.

Answer 55

THERMOGRAPHY

Question 56

The new blood vessels that form up a malignancy light up

Answer 56

red, yellow or white

Question 57

and the normal tissues or benign tumors

Answer 57

green or blue.