Chapter 22: Reproductive System

Question 1

male reproductive cells

Answer 1

sperm

Question 2

female reproductive cells

Answer 2

egg

Question 3

meiosis

Answer 3

reduces chromosome # in sex cell; 46 to 23

Question 4

vasectomy

Answer 4

disconnects vas deferens

Question 5

testes

Answer 5

site of sperm production; primary sex organs

Question 6

gubernaculum

Answer 6

aids testes descent through inguinal canal

Question 7

spermatic cord

Answer 7

after descention; contains vas deferens, blood vessels, nerves

Question 8

when does descention of the testes occur?

Answer 8

1-2 months before birth

Question 9

tunica albuginea

Answer 9

tough, fibrous capsule enclosing each testis

Question 10

lobules

Answer 10

about 250 compartments, each separated by connective tissue

Question 11

seminiferous tubules

Answer 11

• highly coiled tubules inside lobules
• lined with stratified epithelium containing spermatogenic cells
• where sperm cell production begins

Question 12

interstitial cells (cells of leydig)

Answer 12

• lie between seminiferous tubules
• produce & secrete male sex hormones

Question 13

hernia

Answer 13

protrusion of tissue through opening

Question 14

sustentacular (sertoli) cells

Answer 14

large cells, spanning the entire thickness of the epithelium of a seminiferous tubule, which support and nourish spermatogenic cells throughout development into sperm

Question 15

spermiogenesis

Answer 15

maturation of spermatid into sperm cells

Question 16

spermatogenesis

Answer 16

formation of sperm cells; complete process of production from geminal epithelium

Question 17

sperm formation pathway

Answer 17

spermatogonia – primary spermatocyte – secondary spermatocyte – spermatids – spermatozoa

Question 18

sperm cell structure (3)

Answer 18

• head
• midpiece
• tail (flagellum)

Question 19

head

Answer 19

• nucleus with 23 chromosomes
• acrosome

Question 20

acrosome

Answer 20

contains enzymes that can penetrate the layers of the egg cell

Question 21

midpiece

Answer 21

contains mitochondria

Question 22

tail (flagellum)

Answer 22

• contains many microtubules enclosed in extension of cell membrane; lashing movement propels the sperm toward the egg

Question 23

male accessory internal organs include (7)

Answer 23

• epididymides
• ductus deferentia
• ejaculatory ducts
• urethra
• seminal vesciles
• prostate gland
• bulbourethral glands