Chapter 20: Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

homeostasis

A

maintaining composition, pH, & volume of body fluids

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2
Q

urinary system

A

removes metabolic wastes & substances present in excess, including foreign substances like drugs and their toxic metabolites

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3
Q

organs of the urinary system

A
  • kidneys
  • ureters
  • urinary bladder
  • urethra
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4
Q

renal

A

refers to the kidneys

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5
Q

location of kidneys

A
  • lie on either side of the vertebral column high in a depression on posterior abdominal wall
  • retroperitoneal, behind parietal peritoneum
  • left is slightly higher than right
  • surrounded by connective tissue & masses of adipose tissue
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6
Q

renal corpuscle

A

glomerulus, glomerular capsule; site of filtration

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7
Q

renal tubule

A

PCT, descending limb, loop on henle, ascending limb, DCT; sit of renal absorption & secretion

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8
Q

renal sinus

A

hollow chamber in medial depression

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9
Q

hilum

A

entrance to renal sinus

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10
Q

renal pelvis

A

funnel-shaped sac; superior end of ureter

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11
Q

major calyces (renal pelvis)

A

large tubes

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12
Q

minor calyces (renal pelvis)

A

small tubes

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13
Q

renal medulla

A

inner, composed of renal pyramids

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14
Q

renal cortex

A

outer portion of kidney

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15
Q

renal columns

A

extensions of cortex that dip into the medulla

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16
Q

renal capsule

A

fibrous capsule around kidney

17
Q

nephrons

A

function units of kidney, each of which is a site of urine formation

18
Q

pathway of blood through kidney (12)

A
  1. renal artery
  2. interlobular artery
  3. arcuate artery
  4. cortical radiate artery
  5. afferent arteriole
  6. glomerular capillaries
  7. efferent arterioles
  8. peritubular capillaries
  9. cortical radiate vein
  10. arcuate vein
  11. interlobular vein
  12. renal vein
19
Q

which arteriole is thicker?

A

afferent

20
Q

nephrons are…

A

the basic function unit of kidneys; 2 parts

21
Q

2 parts of nephron

A
  1. renal capsule
  2. renal tubule
22
Q

glomerulus

A

bundle of capillaries

23
Q

is it normal to find proteins in urine?

A

no, due to their large size