Chapter 20: Radiology And Diagnostic Imaging Flashcards
1
Q
Angiocardiography
A
A specialized diagnostic procedure in which a catheter (a hollow, flexible tube) is introduced into a large vein or artery, usually of an arm or a leg, and then threaded through the circulatory system to the heart
2
Q
Angi/o
A
Vessel
3
Q
Cardi/o
A
Heart
4
Q
-Graphy
A
Process of recording
5
Q
Angiography
A
A series of X-ray films allowing visualization of internal structures after the introduction of a radiopaque substance
6
Q
Cerebral angiography
A
The injection of a radiopaque contrast medium into an arterial blood vessel ( carotid, femoral, or brachial) to make visualization of the cerebral vascular system via X-ray possible
7
Q
Cerebr/o
A
Cerebrum
8
Q
-Al
A
Pertaining to
9
Q
Renal angiography
A
X-ray visualization of the internal anatomy of the renal blood vessels after injection of a contrast medium
10
Q
Ren/o
A
Kidney
11
Q
Arteriography
A
X-ray visualization of arteries following the introduction of a radiopaque contrast medium into the bloodstream through a specific vessel by way of a catheter
12
Q
Arteri/o
A
aretry
13
Q
arthrography
A
Process of taking X-rays of the inside of a joint after a contrast medium (substance that makes the inside of the joint visible) has been injected into the joint
14
Q
Arthr/o
A
Joint
15
Q
Barium enema (BE)
Lower GI series
A
Infusion of a radiopaque contrast medium, barium sulfate, into the rectum
Contrast medium is retained in the lower intestinal tract while X-ray films are obtained of the lower GI tract
16
Q
Barium swallow
Upper GI tract
A
Oral administration of a radiopaque contrast medium, barium sulfate, which flows into the esophagus as the person swallows
17
Q
Bronchography
A
X-ray examination of the interior passageway of the lower respiratory tract (larynx, trachea, and bronchi) following the coating of these structures with a radiopaque substance
18
Q
Bronch/o
A
Bronchus
19
Q
Cholangiography
Intravenous) (IVC
A
Visualizing and outlining of the major bile ducts following an intravenous injection of a contrast medium
20
Q
Chol/e
A
Bile
21
Q
Cholangiography
Percutaneous transhepatic) (PTC, PTHC
A
An examination of the bile duct structure, using a needle to pass directly into an intrahepatic bile duct to inject a contrast medium
22
Q
Per-
A
Through
23
Q
Cutane/o
A
Skin
24
Q
-Ous
A
Pertaining to
25
Trans-
Across
26
Hepat/o
Liver
27
-ic
Pertaining to
28
Cholangiopancreatography
| Endoscopic retrograde) (ERCP
A procedure that examines the size and filling of the pancreatic and biliary ducts through direct radiographic visualization with a fiberoptic endoscope
29
Pancreat/o
Pancreas
30
Endo-
Within
31
Scop/o
To view
32
Retro-
Backward, behind
33
Cholecystography
Visualization of the gallbladder through X-ray following the oral ingestion of pills containing a radiopaque iodinated dye
34
Cyst/o
Bladder, sac, or cyst
35
Cineradiography
Diagnostic technique combining the techniques of fluoroscopy, radiography, and cinematography by filming the images that develop on a fluorescent screen with a movie camera
36
Cine-
Pertaining to movement
37
Radi/o
Radiation
Also refers to radius
38
Computed axial tomography
| CT, CAT
A painless, noninvasive diagnostic X-ray procedure using ionizing radiation that produces a cross-sectional image of the body
Computed tomography
39
Tom/o
To cut
40
Voiding cystourethrography
X-ray visualization of the bladder and urethra during the voiding process, after the bladder has been filled with a contrast material
Record produced is known as a cystourethrogram
41
Urethr/o
Urethra
42
Digital subtraction angiography
| DSA
X-ray images of blood vessels only, appearing without any background due to the use of a computerized digital video subtraction process
43
Echocardiography
Diagnostic procedure for studying the structure and motion of the heart
Useful in evaluating structural and functional changes Ina variety of heart disorders
Noninvasive procedure has no known risks or side effects
44
Echo-
Sound
45
Fluoroscopy
A radiological technique used to examine the function of an organ or a body part by using a fluoroscope
46
Fluor/o
Luminous
47
Hysterosalpingography
X-ray of the uterus and the fallopian tubes by injecting a contrast material into these structures
48
Hyster/o
Uterus
49
Salping/o
Fallopian tube
50
Lymphangiography
An X-ray assessment of the lymphatic system following injection of a contrast medium into the lymph vessels in the hand or foot
51
Lymph/o
Lymph
52
Magnetic resonance imaging
| MRI
A noninvasive scanning procedure that provides visualization of fluid, soft tissue, and bony structures by using electromagnetic energy
53
Mammography
The process of taking X-rays of the soft tissue of the breast to defect various benign and/or malignant growths before they can be felt
54
Mamm/o
Breasts
55
Myelography
Introduction of contrast medium into the lumbar subarachnoid space through a lumbar puncture to visualize the spinal cord and vertebral canal through X-ray examination
56
Myel/o
Spinal cord or bone marrow
57
Positron emission tomography
| PET
Non invasive diagnostic imaging method that demonstrates the biological function of the body befor anatomical changes take place
Produces computerized radiographic images of the body structures when radioactive substances (poistrons) are administered to the patient ( inhaled or injected)
58
Pyelography
| Intravenous) (IVP
Intravenous pyelogram or excretory Urogram
Radiographic procedure provides visualization of the entire urinary tract; that is, the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra
59
Pyel/o
Renal pelvis
60
Intra-
Within
61
Ven/o
Vein
62
Radiation therapy
The delivery of ionizing to accomplish one or more of the following
1. Destruction of tumor cells
2. Reduction of tumor size
3. Decrease in pain
4. Relief of obstruction
5. To slow or stop the spread of cancer cells
63
Radioactive iodine uptake
| RAIU
Examination that determines the position, size, shape, and physiological function of the thyroid gland, through the use of radionuclear scanning
64
Scanning
| Bone, brain, liver, lungs
Process of recording the emission of radioactive waves using a gamma camera (scanner) after an intravenous injection of a radionuclide material (tracer) into the particular part of the body being studied
The tracer doesn't remain active for long, with radioactivity being completely eliminated by two days
65
Single-photon emission computed tomography
| SPECT
Nuclear imaging procedure that shows how blood flows to tissues and organs
66
Small bowel follow-through
Oral administration of a radiopaque contrast medium, barium sulfate, which flows through the GI system
X-ray fits are obtained at timed intervals to observe the progression of the barium through the small intestine
67
Tomography
An X-ray technique used to construct a detailed cross section, at a predetermined depth, of a tissue structure
68
Ultrasonography
Ultrasound or sonogram
Procedure in which sound waves are transmitted into the body structures as a small transducer is passed over the patient’s skin
69
Ultra-
Beyond, excess
70
Son/o
Sound
71
Venography
Phlebography
Technique used to prepared an X-ray image of veins that have been injected with a contrast medium that is radiopaque
72
X-rays
The use of high-energy electromagnetic waves, passing through the body onto a photographic film, to produce a picture of the internal structures of the body for diagnosis and therapy
73
Abduction
Movement of a limb away from the body
74
Ab-
From, away from
75
adduction
Movement of a limb toward the axis of the body
76
Ad-
Toward, increase
77
Anteroposterior
From the front to the back of the body, commonly associated with the direction of the X-ray beam
78
Anter/o
Front
79
Poster/o
Back
80
Aortography
A radiographic process in which the aorta and its branches are injected with any of various contrast media for visualization
81
Aort/o
Aorta
82
Arthrography
A method radiographically visualizing the inside of a joint by injecting air or contrast medium
83
Arthr/o
Joints
84
Axial
Pertaining to or situated on the axis of a structure or part of the body
85
Betatron
A cyclic accelerator that produces high-energy electrons for radiotherapy treatments
86
Brachytherapy
The placement of radioactive sources in contact with or implanted into the tissues to be treated
87
Bronchography
An X-ray examination of the interior passageways of the lower respiratory tract (larynx, trachea, and bronchi), following the coating of these structures with a radiopaque substances
88
Cineradiography
The filming with a movie camera of the images that appear on a fluorescent screen, especially those images of the body structures that have been injected with a nontoxic radiopaque medium for diagnostic purposes
Cinefluorography
89
Computed tomography
| CT
An X-ray technique that produces a film representing a detailed cross section of tissue structure
90
Digital radiography
Any method of X-ray image formation that uses a computer to store and manipulate data
91
Doppler effect
The apparent change in frequency of sound or light waves emitted by a source as it moves away from or toward an observer
92
Eversion
A turning outward or inside out, such as a turning of the foot outward at the ankle
93
Extension
A movement allowed by certain joints of the skeleton that increases the angle between two adjoining bones, such as extending the leg (which increases the angle between the femur and the tibia)
94
Flexion
A movement allowed by certain joints of the skeleton that decreases the angle between two adjoining bones, such as bending the el bow (which decreases the angle between the humerus and the ulna)
95
Fluorescence
The emission of light of one wavelength (usually ultraviolet) when exposed to light of a different (usually shorter) wavelength
A property possessed by certain substances
96
Fluoroscopy
A technique in radiology for visually examining a part of the body or the function of an organ, using a fluoroscope
97
Gamma camera
A device that uses the emission of light from a crystal struck by gamma rays to produce an image of the distribution of radioactive material in a body organ
98
Gamma rays
An electromagnetic radiation of short wavelength emitted by the nucleus of an atom during a nuclear reaction
Gamma radiation
99
Half-life
The time required for a radioactive substance to lose 50% of its activity through decay
100
Interstitial therapy
Radiotherapy in which needles or wires that contain radioactive material are implanted directly into tumor areas
101
Inversion
An abnormal condition in which an organ is turned inside out, such as a uterine inversion
Refers to turning inward, as an inversion of the ankle
102
Ionization
The process in which a neutral atom or molecule gains or loses electrons and thus acquires a negative or positive electric charge
103
Irradiation
Exposure to any form of radiant energy (such as heat, light, or X-ray)
104
Lethal
Capable of causing death
105
Linear accelerator
An apparatus for accelerating charged subatomic particles used in radiotherapy, physics research and the production of radionuclides
106
Lymphangiography
The X-ray examination of lymph glands and lymphatic vessels after an injection of contrast medium
107
Magnetic resonance imaging
| MRI
Medical imaging that uses radio frequency signals as its source of energy
108
Myelography
A radiographic process by which the spinal cord and the spinal subarachnoid space are viewed and photographed after the introduction of a contrast medium
109
Nuclear medicine
A medical discipline that uses radioactive isotopes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases
110
Orthovoltage
The voltage range of 100 KeV to 350 KeV supplied by some X-ray generators used for radiation therapy
111
Palliative
To soothe or relieve
112
Piezoelectric
The generation of a voltage across a solid when a mechanical stress is applied
113
Positron emission tomography
| PET
A computerized radiographic technique that employs radioactive substances to examine the metabolic activity of various body structures
114
Posteroanterior
The direction from back to front
115
Prone
Being in a horizontal position when lying facedown
116
Rad
Abbreviation for radiation absorbed dose
The basic unit of absorbed dose of ionizing radiation
117
Radiation therapy
The treatment H neoplastic disease by using X-rays or gamma rays, usually from a cobalt source, to deter the growth of malignant cells by decreasing the rate of cell division of impairing DNA synthesis
Radiotherapy
118
Radioactivity
The ability of a substance to emit rays or particles (alpha, beta, or gamma) from its nucleus
119
Radiographer
An Allied Health professional trained to use X-ray machines and other imaging equipment to produce images of the internal structures of the body
Radiologic technologist
120
Graph/o
To record
121
-er
One who
122
Radioimmunoassay
A technique in radiology used to determine the concentration of an antigen, antibody, or other protein in the serum
123
Immun/o
Immune, protection
124
-Assay
To evaluate
125
Radioisotope
An radioactive isotope (of an element) used for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes
126
Radiologist
A physician who specializes in radiology
127
-Logist
One who specializes in the study of
128
Radiology
The study of the diagnostic and therapeutic uses of X-rays
Roentgenology
129
-Logy
The study of
130
Radiolucent
Pertaining to materials that allow X-rays to penetrate with a minimum of absorption
131
Radionuclide
Radioisotope
An isotope (or nuclide) that undergoes radioactive decay
132
Radiopaque
Not permitting the passage of xrays or other radiant energy
133
Radiopharmaceutical
A drug that contains radioactive atoms
134
Pharmac/o
Drugs, medicine
135
Recumbent
Lying down or leaning backward
136
Supine
Lying horizontally on the back
137
Teletherapy
' Radiation therapy administered by a machine positioned at some distance from the patient
138
Tel/e
Distance
139
-Therapy
Treatment
140
Transducer
A handheld device that sends and receives a sound-wave signal
141
Uptake
The drawing up or absorption of a substance
