Chapter 2: Prefixes Flashcards
Alb/o
White
Albin/o
White
Leuko
White
Chlor/o
Green
Cirrh/o
Orange-yellow
Cyan/o
Blue
Eosin/o
Red, rosey
Erythr/o
Red, rosey
Rhod/o
Red, rosey
Rose/o
Red, rosey
Rubr/i/o
Red, rosey
Jaund/o
Yellow
Xanth/o
Yellow
Fusc/o
Dark brown
Glauc/o
Gary, black
Poli/o
Black
Tephr/o
Black
Purpur/I
Purple
Bi-
Two, double
Bicuspid
Having two cusps or points
Hemi-
Half
hemiplegia
Paralysis Of one side (half) of the body
Milli-
One-thousandth
Milliliter
One-thousandth of a liter
Mono-
One, single
Monocyte
A white cell with a single nucleus
Nulli-
None
Nullipara
A women who has borne no child
Primi-
First
Primigravida
First pregnancy
Quadri-
Four
Quadriplegia
Paralysis of all four extremities
Semi-
Half
Semiconscious
Half conscious
Tetra-
Four
Tetraplegia
Paralysis of both arms and both legs; also known as quadriplegia
Tri-
Three
Triceps
“A muscle” having three heads
Uni-
One
Uninuclear
“A cell” having one nucleus
Hyper-
Excessive
Hyperlipemia
An excessive or above normal level of blood fat
Hyp-
Under, below, beneath, less than normal
Hypoxemia
Less than normal blood oxygen level
Hypo-
Under, below, beneath, less than normal
Hypoglycemia
Less than normal blood sugar
Multi-
Many
Multipara
To bear many “children”
Poly-
Many, much
Polyarthritis
Inflammation of many joints
Polyuria
The excretion of large amounts of (much) urine
Ab-
From, away from
Abduct
To move away from the midline of the body
Ad-
Toward, increase
Adduct
Movement toward the midline of the body
Ambi-
Both, both sides
Ambidextrous
Able to use both hands well
Ante-
Before, in front
Antecubital
“The space” in front of the elbow
Circum-
Around
Circumoral
Around the mouth
De-
Down, from
Descend
To come down from
Dia-
Through
Diagnosis
Knowledge through testing
Ecto-
Outside
Ectopic
Outside of its normal location
Endo-
Within
Endocervical
Pertaining to the inner lining of the cervix
Epi-
Upon, over
epigastric
Upon the stomach
Ex-
Out, away from, outside
Extract
To remove a tooth from (away from) the oval cavity
Exo-
Outside, outward
Exogenous
Originating outside the body
Extra-
Outside, beyond
Extrahepatic
Outside the liver
Hypo-
Under, below, beneath, less than normal
Hypoglossal
Under the tongue
in-
In, inside, within, not
Intubate
To insert a tube inside (into) an organ or body cavity
Infra-
Beneath, below, under
Infrapatellar
Below the knee
Inter-
Between
Intercostal
Between the ribs
Intra-
Within
Intravenous
Within a vein
Juxta-
Near, beside
Juxta-articular
Pertaining to a location near a joint
Meso-
Middle
Mesoderm
The middle of the three layers of the skin
Para-
Near, beside, beyond, two like parts
Paracervical
Near, or beside, the cervix
Peri-
Around
Perianal
Around the anus
Pre-
Before, in front
Pericordial
The region “of the chest wall” in front of the hear
Pro-
In front, before
Prognosis
Knowledge before
Re-
Back, again
Reactivate
To make active again
Retro-
Backward, behind
Retroflexion
An abnormal position of an organ in which the organ is tilled backwards
Sub-
Under, below
Sublingual
Under the tongue
Supra-
Above, over
Suprapubic
Above, or over, the pubic area
Trans-
Across, through
Transurethral
Across, or through, the urethra
Alb-
While
Albino
Person who has a marked deficiency of pigment in the eyes, hair, and skin; has abnormally white skin
Albin/o
White
Albinism
Condition of abnormally white skin; characterized by absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes
Chlor/o
Green
Chlorophyll
Green pigments in plants that accomplishes photosynthesis
Cirrh/o
Yellow, tawny
Cirrhosis
Chronic degenerative disease of the liver with resultant yellowness of the liver and of the skin
Cyan/o
Blue
Cyanoderma
Slightly bluish, grayish, slatelike, or dark discoloration of the skin
Eosin/o
Red, rosy
Eosinophil
Bilobed leukocyte that stains a red, rosy color with an acid dye
Erythr/o
Red
Erythrocyte
Matured red blood cells
Glauc/o
Gray, silver
Glaucoma
Disorder of the eye due to an increase in intraocular pressure; creates a dull gray gleam of the affected eye
Jaund/o
Yellow
Jaundice
Yellow discoloration of the skin
Lute/o
Yellow
Corpus luteum
A yellow glandular Mass on the surface of the ovary that forms after the ovarian follicle ruptures and releases a matured ovum
Leuk/o
White
Leukoplakia
White, hard, thickened patches firmly attached to the mucous membrane in areas such as the mouth, vulva, or penis
Melan/o
Black
Melanoma
Darkly pigmented cancerous tumor
Poli/o
Gray
Poliomyelitis
Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord
Purpur/o
Purple
Purpura
Collection at blood beneath the skin in the form of pinpoint hemorrhages appearing as red purple skin discoloration
Rube-
Red
Rubella
Contagious viral disease characterized by fever; Coldlike symptoms; and a diffuse, fine, red rash
Xanth/o
Yellow
Xanthoderma
Yellow coloration of the skin
A-
Without, not, no
Apnea
Without breathing
An-
Without, not, no
Anesthesia
Without feeling
Ana-
Not, without
Anaplasia
Without formation or development
Anti-
Against
Antidote
A drug or other substance that opposes (work against) the action of a poison
Contra-
Against
Contraceptive
Any device or technique that prevents (works against) conception
Dis-
Free of, to undo
Discharge
To release a substance or object to tree it from its location)
im-
Not
Impotence
An adult male’s inability (not able) to achieve penile erection
in-
In, inside, without, not
Incompetent
Not capable
Non-
Not
Noninvasive
Pertaining to a diagnostic or therapeutic technique that does not require the skin to be broken (not invaded) or a cavity or organ to be entered
Aberrant
Wandering away from
Auto-
Self
Autograft
A graft transferred from one part of a patient’s body to another
Bio-
Life
Biology
The study of life
Brady-
Slow
Bradycardia
Slow heartbeat
Con-
Together, with
Congenital
Born with
Contraindication
Against What is indicated
Dislocation
The displacement (undoing) of any part of the body from its normal position
Dys-
Bad, difficult, painful, disorder
Dyspnea
Difficult breathing
Endo-
Within, inner
Endoscope
Instrument used to look inside the body
Eu-
Well, easily, good, normal
Eupnea
Normal breathing
Exhale
To breath out
Hetero-
Different
Heterogeneous
Composed of different or unlike substances
Homeo-
Likeness, same
Homeostasis
A relative constancy (likeness) in the internal environment of the body
Homo-
Same
homogenesis
Having the same origins
Hydro-
Water
Hydrocephalus
An abnormal accumulation of humid (water) within the head
Hyperemesis
Excessive vomiting
idio-
Individual
Idiosyncrasy
An individual sensetinty to effets of drug caused by inherited or other bodily constitution factors
Inborn
Acquired during intrauterine life
Infraorbital
Beneath the bony cavity in which the eyeball is located
Meso-
Middle
Mesoderm
The middle of the three layers of the skin
Meta-
Beyond, after
Metacarpals
Pertaining to the bones after the carpal (wrist) bones
Pan-
All
Pancarditis
Inflammation of the entire heart (all)
Per-
Through
Percussion
Striking through
Post-
After, behind
Postcibal
After meals
Pseudo-
False
Pseudoanorexia
“False anorexia”
A condition in which an individual acts secretly while claiming a lack of appetite and inability to eat
Subcutaneous
Under the skin
Syn-
Joined, together
Syndrome
A group of symptoms joined by a common cause; “running together”
Tachy-
Rapid
Tachycardia
Rapid heartbeat
Ultra-
Beyond, excess
