Chapter 17 Flashcards
What is the link between genotype and phenotype?
Proteins
What is gene expression?
The process by which dna directs the synthesis of proteins
Transcription
The synthesis of RNA using information in DNA Occurs in the nucleus in Eukyartic cells
Translation
the synthesis of a polypeptide using the information in the mRNA occurs in cytoplasm for Eukaryotic cells
What are the ribosomes role in translation?
Site of translation, linking amino acids to polypeptide chains
Primary transcript
RNA that is not translated into a protien
Triplet code
The genetic instructions for polypeptide chain are written in the DNA as a series of non over lapping 2 nucleotide words
Codons
mRNA nucleotide triplets … complementray to the template strand (opposite)
What are the base pairing rules for DNA to RNA?
U pairs with A and C pairs with G
Coding strand
the nontemplate DNA strand
Reading frame
Correct groupings
What direction is the mRNA read?
5’ to 3’ direction
RNA polymerase
pries the 2 strands of DNA apart and joins together RNA nucloetides complementary to the DNA template strand Can start a chain from scratch only add in 5’-3’ direction
Promoter
Where RNA polymerase attaches and initiates transcription
Transcript unit
the stretch of DNA downstream from the promoter that is transcribed into an RNA molecule