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Anatomy and Physiology > Chapter 16 > Flashcards

Chapter 16 Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius

A

-shrugs the shoulder

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2
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

-elevates the scapula

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3
Q

Rhomboid Major and Minor

A

-adduct and elevate the scapula

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4
Q

Serratus Anterior

A
  • holds the scapula against the thorax

- abducts

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5
Q

Pectoralis Major

A
  • axial muscle
  • flexes the arm
  • adducts the arm across the chest
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6
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A
  • stabilizes the scapula

- raises the ribs during forced inhalation

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7
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A
  • axial muscle
  • extends the arm
  • adducts the arm across the back
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8
Q

Deltoid

A
  • abducts the arm
  • flexes the arm
  • extends the arm
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9
Q

Coracobrachialis

A
  • adducts the arm

- medial rotation

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10
Q

Supraspinatus

A

-abducts the arm

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11
Q

Teres Minor

A

-lateral rotation

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12
Q

Teres Major

A
  • extends the arm
  • adducts
  • medial rotation
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13
Q

Infraspinatus

A

-lateral rotation

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14
Q

Subscapularis

A

-medial rotation

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15
Q

What muscles in the arm are considered axial?

A
  • pectoralis major

- latissimus dorsi

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16
Q

What muscles make up the rotator cuff?

A
  • SITS
  • supraspinatus
  • infraspinatus
  • teres minor
  • subscapularis
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17
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

-flexes the forearm only when the forearm is supinated

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18
Q

Brachialis

A

-flexes the forearm

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19
Q

Brachioradialis

A

-flexes the forearm

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20
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

-extends the forearm

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21
Q

Anconeus

A
  • extends the forearm

- barely does any work

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22
Q

Pronator Teres

A

-pronates the forearm

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23
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A

-pronates the forearm

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24
Q

Supinator

A

-supinates the forearm

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25
Q

What is an intrinsic muscle? Extrinsic?

A
  • intrinsic: located in the hand

- extrinsic: located in the forearm; divided into flexors and extensors

26
Q

What is a retinacula?

A

-strong fascial bands

27
Q

What is the carpal tunnel?

A

-the tunnel formed by carpal bones and flexor retinaculum that many flexors pass through

28
Q

What is carpal tunnel syndrome? What nerve is compressed and where is the pain/tingling felt?

A
  • compression of the median nerve as it runs through the carpal tunnel
  • lateral side of the hand (thumb)
29
Q

What is a thenar muscle? What is the thenar eminence?

A
  • intrinsic muscle of the hand that produces weak but precise movements
  • thenar muscles except for the adductor pollicis
30
Q

What is a hypothenar muscle? What is hypothenar eminence?

A
  • intrinsic muscle of the hand that produces weak but precise movements
  • hypothenar muscles that act of the little finger
31
Q

What are the thenar muscles?

A
  • abductor pollicis brevis
  • flexor pollicis brevis
  • opponens pollicis
  • adductor pollicis
32
Q

What are the hypothenar muscles?

A
  • opponens digiti minimi
  • abductor digiti minimi
  • flexor digiti minimi
33
Q

What are the intermediate muscles?

A
  • palmar interossei (adduct 2,4,5 fingers)
  • dorsal interossei (abduct 2,3,4 fingers)
  • lumbricals (flex the proximal phalange, extend middle distal phalanges)
34
Q

Iliopsoas

A
  • composed of iliacus, psoas major, and psoas minor

- flexes thigh and trunk

35
Q

Rectus Femoris

A
  • flexes thigh

- extends leg

36
Q

Sartorius

A
  • weak flexion
  • lateral rotation
  • flexion of the knee
  • criss-cross applesause
37
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

-extends the thigh

38
Q

Gluteus Medius

A
  • abducts the thigh

- lateral rotation

39
Q

Gluteus Minimus

A
  • abducts the thigh

- medial rotation

40
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae

A
  • abducts the thigh

- tightens the iliotibial band

41
Q

Gracilis

A

-adducts the thigh

42
Q

Vastus Lateralis

A

-extends the leg

43
Q

Vastus Medialis

A

-extends the leg

44
Q

Vastus Intermedius

A

-extends the leg

45
Q

Biceps femoris

A

-flexes the leg

46
Q

Semitendinosus

A

-flexes the leg

47
Q

Semimembranosis

A

-flexes the leg

48
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A
  • dorsiflexes

- inverts

49
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

-dorsiflexes the big toe

50
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

-dorsiflexes the toes

51
Q

Fibularis Tertius

A
  • dorsiflexes

- everts

52
Q

Fibularis Longus

A
  • dorsiflexes the foot

- everts

53
Q

Fibularis Brevis

A
  • dorsiflexes the foot

- everts

54
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

-plantar flexes the foot

55
Q

Soleus

A

-plantar flexes the foot

56
Q

Plantaris

A

-does not do much

57
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A
  • inversion

- plantar flexion

58
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus

A

-plantar flexes the big toe

59
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

A

-plantar flexes the toes

60
Q

What is the calcaneal tendon?

A

-a large tendon made up of the gastrocnemius and the soleus

61
Q

What are the intrinsic plantar muscles of the foot?

A
  • lumbricals
  • Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
  • Flexor Hallucis Brevis
  • Flexor Digitorum Brevis
  • Abductor Digiti Minimi
  • Abductor Hallucis
62
Q

What are the intrinsic dorsal muscles of the foot?

A
  • Extensor Digitorum Brevis

- Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Anatomy and Physiology (19 decks)

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