Ch.1 Developing design concepts

Question 1

A way to direct design, based on a system of beliefs of philosophy

Answer 1

Theory

Question 2

Basing design decisions on credible research that links one or more environmental elements with a desired outcome

Answer 2

Evidence based design

Question 3

Type of design that places emphasis on providing simple, rational solutions to design problems without extreme decoration

Answer 3

Functionalism

Question 4

How old is the human Innately perceive things there’s a hole so that what is perceived as complete incomprehensible. Is there a assist asserts that perception is not a response to individual bits of stimulus but to a whole, and that people actively add structure to what they see rather than just reacting to it

Answer 4

Gestalt psychology

Question 5

The same color appears to change depending on the background color it is seen against

Answer 5

Simultaneous contrast

Question 6

Humans perceive separate units in the visual field as group

Answer 6

Grouping

Question 7

The tendency to perceive and complete forms as complete. When faced with incomplete information in the visual field, humans tend to want to add information to make sense of what is being seen

Answer 7

Closure sometimes called form constancy

Question 8

The tendency to see a line or shape is continuing in a particular direction rather than making a sharp turn

Answer 8

Continuity

Question 9

A part of the gestalt psychology states that people prefer the simplest, most stable organization of forms or the overall structure of elements in the visual field rather than the complex individual parts

Answer 9

Simplicity

Question 10

Refers to the way people distinguish a form from its surroundings. This distinction is a fundamental to our perception and can occur with two dimensional elements as well as three-dimensional objects

Answer 10

Figure ground

Question 11

The ground around an object

Answer 11

Negative space

Question 12

A person perceives an object or space is essentially the same regardless of the exact image on the retina of the eye. The mechanism that allows the humans to do this is called what

Answer 12

Perceptual constancy

Question 13

Means that people perceive objects as having their original shape regardless of a change and orientation of the object with a point of view of the observer

Answer 13

Shape constancy

Question 14

Means that people tend to perceive an object is having the same size regardless of the change in viewing distance of the object

Answer 14

Size constancy

Question 15

Means that people perceive the lightness or darkness of an object is the same regardless of the illumination of the space in which the object is viewed

Answer 15

Lighting constancy

Question 16

Means that people perceive the color of an object is the same regardless of the light and conditions under which the object is viewed

Answer 16

Color constancy

Question 17

The difference in what each eye sees

Answer 17

Binocular disparity 

Question 18

A distance object may appear to be overlapped and partially hidden by closer object

Answer 18

Interposition

Question 19

Parallel lines will appear to recede towards a single point in the distance

Answer 19

Linear perspective

Question 20

Because there are small particles in the air, more distant objects appear to be hazy and may even change color. For interiors, this fact is seldom of any consequence

Answer 20

Atmospheric perspective

Question 21

The density of texture seem to increase is the distance from the viewer increases. The texture may be fine grain, as on fabric, or a larger scale, so just ceiling or floor tiles

Answer 21

Texture perspective

Question 22

When two objects are the same size, but the more distant one will make a smaller image on the retina then the closer one

Answer 22

Size clues

Question 23

For objects below the horizon line, the closer the objects are to the horizon mind, the far away they are. But I fix above the horizon line, the same holds true, but more distant objects are lower in the visual field and close objects

Answer 23

Relative closeness of objects to the horizon line

Question 24

This occurs because there are conflicting visual cues

Answer 24

Cue inconsistency

Question 25

Prevailing political attitudes and politics music design thinking, for example, political recognition of the sustainability and green architecture movement, promoted by growing environmental awareness, as encouraged response by interior designers and architects

Answer 25

Political conditions

Question 26

The state of the economy is more reflected in architecture in interior design. Prosperous times may promote lavish design. Uncertain or less prosperous conditions may promote and we’re looking design. The cocooning movement was particularly a result of uncertain economic times. The rising cost of energy is a main factor in the trend of sustainable energy conserving design

Answer 26

Economic conditions

Question 27

The prevailing cultural views of the family, shared values, religion, fashion, leisure pursuits, sports in the leg may influence of designs response. Current trends in fashion and consumer goods regarding color, material used, and industrial design often reach into the realms of design and architecture

Answer 27

Cultural attitudes

Question 28

The physical environment holds a great deal of symbolism for people. Some people like houses with early American interiors because it’s designed symbolizes the idea of home. Some people expect banks to be classical design with large lobbies because that is what they think a bank should look like.

Answer 28

Symbolism

Question 29

This design that reflects the local geographical area. Most designers, architects, and users of interior design believe that each geographical area is unique and design should reflect that fact. A common belief might be that buildings an interior design in Florida should reflect that of Florida and those of the northwest should be different

Answer 29

Regionalism

Question 30

What are the two groups that Maslow theory divided humans variety of needs into

Answer 30

Deficiency needs and growth needs

Question 31

What are the deficiency needs according to Maslows theory

Answer 31

Food, water, and minimal bodily comforts

Question 32

What are the safety needs according to Maslow’s theory

Answer 32

Protection and the avoidance of personal harm

Question 33

What are the belonging and love needs according to Maslows theory

Answer 33

A persons drives remember Shipt in a group, acceptance, and love

Question 34

What is the top level of deficiency needs according to Maslow’s theory

Answer 34

self-esteem which includes the need to achieve be competent, and gain approval and recognition by others

Question 35

Particular place with definable boundaries and objects and we’re just standing pattern or behavior occurs at a particular time

Answer 35

Behavior setting

Question 36

A fundamental aspect of human behavior and refers to peoples needs to lay claim to the spaces they occupy in the things they own

Answer 36

Territoriality 

Question 37

Describes the interrelated observations and theories about how people use space in specialized elaboration of culture

Answer 37

Proxemics

Question 38

What is the distance considered when it is intimate distance

Answer 38

0 to 18 inches

Question 39

What is the distance considered to be when it is considered to be personal distance

Answer 39

18 inches to 4 feet

Question 40

What is the distance when it is considered to be social distance

Answer 40

4 feet to 12 feet

Question 41

What is the distance considered to be when it is public distance

Answer 41

12 or more feet