Ch. 8.4 The Catabolic Process of Cellular Respiration

Question 1

Define the first law of thermodynamics

Answer 1

Energy is not created or destroyed, it just changes forms.

Question 2

Cellular respiration

Answer 2

A collection of reactions that extract energy from food using redox reactions and then transfer that energy in to the bonds of ATP.

Question 3

Glycolysis

Answer 3

The first stage of aerobic and anaerobic carbohydrate catabolism.

Question 4

What is the net gain of ATP during glycolysis?

Answer 4

Two ATP molecules, because glycolysis yields four molecules of ATP, but two are required to start the process.

Question 5

What happens to pyruvic acid from glycolysis step of cellular respiration when it enters the intermediate phase?

Answer 5

Both molecules are covered int Acetyl-CoA (A two carbon molecule) and released carbon dioxide.

Question 6

What does the Krebs cycle produce?

Answer 6

2 ATP, 6 NADH, and 2 FADH2 and releases all carbons originally found in glucose.

Question 7

What happens during decarboxylation reactions?

Answer 7

Carbon is released- this happens during the intermediate step of cellular respiration.

Question 8

Where does the Krebs cycle occurs in different cell types?

Answer 8

Prokaryotes- the plasma membrane

Eukaryotes- in the matrix of the mitochondria.

Question 9

Chemiosmosis

Answer 9

The flow of a proton gradient across a membrane. This process occurs in respiratory chains to drive the phosphorylation reactions that ultimately recharge ATP and ADP.

Question 10

In eukaryotes, where are protons pumped to during the electron transport chain?

Answer 10

Pumped across the intermitocondrial membrane into the inter membrane space.

Question 11

In prokaryotes, where are protons pumped to during the electron transport chain?

Answer 11

Pumped across the plasma membrane and the accumulate between the cell wall and the plasma membrane.

Question 12

Where is ATP synthase found in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

Answer 12

Eukaryotes- the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Prokaryotes- plasma membrane

Question 13

Define proton motive force

Answer 13

The accumulation of protons on one side of the membrane. This sets the stage for ATP synthase to recharge ADP to ATP.

Question 14

What do aerobic electron transport chains reduce oxygen to?

Answer 14

Water

Question 15

Where does fermentation occur?

Answer 15

The cytoplasm of the cell