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Basic Anatomy > Ch 7: Online 3 > Flashcards

Ch 7: Online 3 Flashcards

Muscular System

1
Q

Reversal of charge at the sarcolemma that initiates contraction is….?

A

Depolarization

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2
Q

Most abundant energy source in muscle cells is….?

A

Glycogen

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3
Q

What rushes into a muscle fiber to reverse the charge at the sarcolemma?

A

Sodium Ions

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4
Q

What regulates coordination and the stopping of muscle movements?

A

Cerebellum

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5
Q

Another name for muscle movement away from the midline is….?

A

Abduction

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6
Q

To turn the palm down is called….?

A

Pronation

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7
Q

State of slight contraction in healthy muscles is called….?

A

Muscle tone

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8
Q

Muscles that work in opposition are called….?

A

Antagonistic

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9
Q

Wasting away of a muscle because of disuse

A

Atrophy

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10
Q

Adenosine ____, the direct energy source for muscle contraction

A

Triphosphate

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11
Q

An inhibitory protein in sarcomeres

A

Triponin

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12
Q

Part of the cerebrum that initiates muscle contraction

A

Frontal lobe

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13
Q

Neurotransmitter at neuromuscular junctions

A

Acetylcholine

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14
Q

Muscle sense we are not aware of

A

Unconscious muscle sense

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15
Q

What rushes out of a muscle fiber to restore the original charge at the sarcolemma?

A

Potassium ions

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16
Q

Muscles that work together are called….?

A

Synergistic

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17
Q

Enlargement of a muscle because of greater use

A

Hypertrophy

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18
Q

Stores oxygen within a muscle cell

A

Myoglobin

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19
Q

Another name for muscle sense

A

Proprioception

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20
Q

Waste product of muscle contraction

A

Creatinine

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21
Q

Produced during anaerobic cell respiration, lowers pH

A

Lactic acid

22
Q

The unit of contraction in a muscle fiber

A

Sarcomere

23
Q

Movement of a body part toward the midline

A

Adduction

24
Q

Movement that increases the angle of a joint

A

Extension

25
Q

Part of the cerebrum that feels conscious muscle sense

A

Parietal lobe

26
Q

What is depolarization?

A

Reversal of charge at the sarcolemma that initiates contraction

27
Q

What is significant about glycogen in the muscular system?

A

Glycogen is the most abundant energy source in muscles

28
Q

What do sodium ions do in muscles?

A

Sodium ions rush into a muscle fiber to reverse the charge at the sarcolemma

29
Q

What function does the cerebellum serve for muscles?

A

It regulates coordination and the stopping of muscle movements

30
Q

What is abduction?

A

Movement of a body part away from the midline

31
Q

What is pronation?

A

Turning the palm down

32
Q

What is muscle tone?

A

A state of slight contraction in healthy muscles

33
Q

What are antagonistic muscles?

A

Muscles that work in opposition

34
Q

What is atrophy?

A

Wasting away of a muscle because of disuse

35
Q

What is the direct energy source for muscle contraction? Adenosine ______.

A

Adenosine triphosphate

36
Q

What is triponin?

A

An inhibitory protein in sarcomeres

37
Q

What function does the frontal lobe serve for muscles?

A

The frontal lobe is the part of the cerebrum that initiates muscle contraction

38
Q

What is Acetylcholine?

A

A neurotransmitter at neuromuscular junctions

39
Q

What is unconscious muscle sense?

A

Muscle senses we are not aware of

40
Q

What do potassium ions do in muscles?

A

Potassium ions rush out of a muscle fiber to restore the original charge at the sarcolemma

41
Q

What are synergistic muscles?

A

Muscles that work together

42
Q

What is hypertrophy?

A

The enlargement of a muscle because of greater use

43
Q

What does myoglobin do?

A

Stores oxygen within a muscle cell

44
Q

What is proprioception?

A

Another name for muscle sense

45
Q

What is creatinine?

A

A waste product of muscle contraction

46
Q

What is lactic acid?

A

Produced during anaerobic cell respiration, lowers pH

47
Q

What is a sarcomere?

A

The unit of contraction in a muscle fiber

48
Q

What is adduction?

A

Movement of a body part towards the midline

49
Q

What is extension?

A

Movement that increases the angle of a joint

50
Q

What function does the parietal lobe serve for muscles?

A

The parietal lobe feels conscious muscle sense

Basic Anatomy (89 decks)

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