Ch 7: Online 3 Flashcards

Muscular System

1
Q

Reversal of charge at the sarcolemma that initiates contraction is….?

A

Depolarization

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2
Q

Most abundant energy source in muscle cells is….?

A

Glycogen

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3
Q

What rushes into a muscle fiber to reverse the charge at the sarcolemma?

A

Sodium Ions

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4
Q

What regulates coordination and the stopping of muscle movements?

A

Cerebellum

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5
Q

Another name for muscle movement away from the midline is….?

A

Abduction

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6
Q

To turn the palm down is called….?

A

Pronation

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7
Q

State of slight contraction in healthy muscles is called….?

A

Muscle tone

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8
Q

Muscles that work in opposition are called….?

A

Antagonistic

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9
Q

Wasting away of a muscle because of disuse

A

Atrophy

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10
Q

Adenosine ____, the direct energy source for muscle contraction

A

Triphosphate

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11
Q

An inhibitory protein in sarcomeres

A

Triponin

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12
Q

Part of the cerebrum that initiates muscle contraction

A

Frontal lobe

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13
Q

Neurotransmitter at neuromuscular junctions

A

Acetylcholine

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14
Q

Muscle sense we are not aware of

A

Unconscious muscle sense

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15
Q

What rushes out of a muscle fiber to restore the original charge at the sarcolemma?

A

Potassium ions

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16
Q

Muscles that work together are called….?

A

Synergistic

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17
Q

Enlargement of a muscle because of greater use

A

Hypertrophy

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18
Q

Stores oxygen within a muscle cell

A

Myoglobin

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19
Q

Another name for muscle sense

A

Proprioception

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20
Q

Waste product of muscle contraction

A

Creatinine

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21
Q

Produced during anaerobic cell respiration, lowers pH

A

Lactic acid

22
Q

The unit of contraction in a muscle fiber

23
Q

Movement of a body part toward the midline

24
Q

Movement that increases the angle of a joint

25
Part of the cerebrum that feels conscious muscle sense
Parietal lobe
26
What is depolarization?
Reversal of charge at the sarcolemma that initiates contraction
27
What is significant about glycogen in the muscular system?
Glycogen is the most abundant energy source in muscles
28
What do sodium ions do in muscles?
Sodium ions rush into a muscle fiber to reverse the charge at the sarcolemma
29
What function does the cerebellum serve for muscles?
It regulates coordination and the stopping of muscle movements
30
What is abduction?
Movement of a body part away from the midline
31
What is pronation?
Turning the palm down
32
What is muscle tone?
A state of slight contraction in healthy muscles
33
What are antagonistic muscles?
Muscles that work in opposition
34
What is atrophy?
Wasting away of a muscle because of disuse
35
What is the direct energy source for muscle contraction? Adenosine ______.
Adenosine triphosphate
36
What is triponin?
An inhibitory protein in sarcomeres
37
What function does the frontal lobe serve for muscles?
The frontal lobe is the part of the cerebrum that initiates muscle contraction
38
What is Acetylcholine?
A neurotransmitter at neuromuscular junctions
39
What is unconscious muscle sense?
Muscle senses we are not aware of
40
What do potassium ions do in muscles?
Potassium ions rush out of a muscle fiber to restore the original charge at the sarcolemma
41
What are synergistic muscles?
Muscles that work together
42
What is hypertrophy?
The enlargement of a muscle because of greater use
43
What does myoglobin do?
Stores oxygen within a muscle cell
44
What is proprioception?
Another name for muscle sense
45
What is creatinine?
A waste product of muscle contraction
46
What is lactic acid?
Produced during anaerobic cell respiration, lowers pH
47
What is a sarcomere?
The unit of contraction in a muscle fiber
48
What is adduction?
Movement of a body part towards the midline
49
What is extension?
Movement that increases the angle of a joint
50
What function does the parietal lobe serve for muscles?
The parietal lobe feels conscious muscle sense