Ch 2: Online 2 Flashcards
Some Basic Chemistry
Lack of oxygen is tissues is called what?
Hypoxia
What is another name for tissue fluid?
Interstitial fluid
What are the subunits of DNA and RNA?
Nucleotides
To render biologically inactive with heat is called?
Denature
What makes water molecules cohesive?
Hydrogen bonds
What prevents drastic changes in the pH of body fluids?
Buffer system
Hemoglobin is to iron as thyroxine is to ___?
Iodine
Myoglobin is to iron as vitamin B12 is to ___?
Cobalt
What are the self antigens on cell membranes called?
Oligosaccharides
In what process are bonds created to make large molecules from small ones?
Synthesis
What phospholipid is important for nerve cell insulation?
Myelin
In what bond do two atoms share one or more electrons?
Covalent bond
The carbohydrates of nucleotides are ….?
Peptose sugars
What are the identifying markers on cell membranes?
Antigens
Adenine is to thymine as guanine is to ___?
Cytosine
An energy storage form in the liver is called?
Glycogen
What are protein catalysts called?
Enzymes
What is the water of the blood?
Plasma
What is deposition of fat in the wall of an artery?
Atherosclerosis
Ionization
Dissociation
Starch or cellulose
Polysaccharide
The energy transfer molecule adenosine ____
Triphosphate
What enables RBCs to carry oxygen?
Hemoglobin
What is a shape-maintaining bond found in antibodies and insulin?
Disulfide
What is it called when the bonds of a large molecule are broken?
Decomposition
Why is calcium important?
It provides strength in bones and teeth
What trace element is part of the hemoglobin in red blood cells and transports oxygen?
Iron
What elements are necessary for muscles to contract?
Sodium and potassium
What element is part of vitamin B12?
Cobalt
What element is necessary for cell respiration and for hemoglobin synthesis?
Copper
Iodine is part of what hormone?
Thyroid hormone
What element is part of DNA, RNA, and cell membranes?
Phosphorus
