Ch 15: Online 1 Flashcards
Respiratory System
What does elastic connective tissue do?
Helps make normal exhalation a passive process
What does cartilage keep open in the respiratory system?
Larynx, trachea, and bronchi
How do the intercostal muscles change the size of the thoracic cavity?
They enlarge it from side to side and front to back
What does hemoglobin carry?
Most oxygen and a little CO2
Most carbon dioxide in the blood is carried in the form of what?
Bicarbonate ions in the plasma
In tissues, the PCO2 is high, therefore CO2 diffuses ____?
From the tissues to the blood
When does the oxygen-hemoglobin bond break most rapidly?
When PO2 in tissues is low
What type of pressure is always negative?
Intrapleural pressure
What kind of pressure does a gas create in the blood?
Partial pressure
What causes an increase in intrapulmonic pressure?
Relaxation of the diaphragm
What creates the explosive pressure of a cough or sneeze?
Closure of the glottis while exhaling
Where are the central nervous system (CNS) respiratory centers?
Medulla and pons
What will breathing do if body fluids become too acidic?
Increase to exhale more CO2
What helps make normal exhalation a passive process?
Elastic connective tissue
What keeps the larynx, trachea, and bronchi open?
Cartilage
What muscles enlarge the thoracic cavity from side to side and front to back?
Intercostal muscles
What substance carries most oxygen and a little CO2?
Hemoglobin
Bicarbonate ions in the plasma carry what?
Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood
Why does CO2 diffuse from the tissues to the blood?
Because in tissues the PCO2 is high
What happens when the PO2 in tissues becomes low?
The oxygen-hemoglobin bond breaks rapidly
What charge is intrapleural pressure?
Always negative
What creates partial pressure in the blood?
Gas
What occurs when the diaphragm relaxes?
An increase in intrapulmonic pressure
What does the closure of the glottis while exhaling create?
The explosive pressure of a cough or sneeze
What nerve centers are found in the medulla and pons?
Central nervous system (CNS) respiratory centers
The increase of breathing to exhale more CO2 is caused by what?
Body fluids becoming too acidic
