Ch 15: Online 1 Flashcards

Respiratory System

1
Q

What does elastic connective tissue do?

A

Helps make normal exhalation a passive process

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2
Q

What does cartilage keep open in the respiratory system?

A

Larynx, trachea, and bronchi

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3
Q

How do the intercostal muscles change the size of the thoracic cavity?

A

They enlarge it from side to side and front to back

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4
Q

What does hemoglobin carry?

A

Most oxygen and a little CO2

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5
Q

Most carbon dioxide in the blood is carried in the form of what?

A

Bicarbonate ions in the plasma

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6
Q

In tissues, the PCO2 is high, therefore CO2 diffuses ____?

A

From the tissues to the blood

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7
Q

When does the oxygen-hemoglobin bond break most rapidly?

A

When PO2 in tissues is low

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8
Q

What type of pressure is always negative?

A

Intrapleural pressure

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9
Q

What kind of pressure does a gas create in the blood?

A

Partial pressure

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10
Q

What causes an increase in intrapulmonic pressure?

A

Relaxation of the diaphragm

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11
Q

What creates the explosive pressure of a cough or sneeze?

A

Closure of the glottis while exhaling

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12
Q

Where are the central nervous system (CNS) respiratory centers?

A

Medulla and pons

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13
Q

What will breathing do if body fluids become too acidic?

A

Increase to exhale more CO2

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14
Q

What helps make normal exhalation a passive process?

A

Elastic connective tissue

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15
Q

What keeps the larynx, trachea, and bronchi open?

A

Cartilage

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16
Q

What muscles enlarge the thoracic cavity from side to side and front to back?

A

Intercostal muscles

17
Q

What substance carries most oxygen and a little CO2?

A

Hemoglobin

18
Q

Bicarbonate ions in the plasma carry what?

A

Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood

19
Q

Why does CO2 diffuse from the tissues to the blood?

A

Because in tissues the PCO2 is high

20
Q

What happens when the PO2 in tissues becomes low?

A

The oxygen-hemoglobin bond breaks rapidly

21
Q

What charge is intrapleural pressure?

A

Always negative

22
Q

What creates partial pressure in the blood?

23
Q

What occurs when the diaphragm relaxes?

A

An increase in intrapulmonic pressure

24
Q

What does the closure of the glottis while exhaling create?

A

The explosive pressure of a cough or sneeze

25
What nerve centers are found in the medulla and pons?
Central nervous system (CNS) respiratory centers
26
The increase of breathing to exhale more CO2 is caused by what?
Body fluids becoming too acidic