Ch 6: Bone Structure Flashcards
The Skeletal System
Osteoblasts
Bone-forming cells
Osteocytes
Mature bone cells that maintain the bone but do not divide to produce new bone tissue
Osteoclasts
Cells that are involved with the breakdown of bone
Where is compact bone located?
The main shaft of long bones and the outer layer of other bones.
What is spongy bone made of?
A meshwork of bone fragments filled with red marrow
Where is spongy bone located?
At the ends of long bones and at the center of other bones.
Where is red bone marrow found?
At the ends of long bones and at the center of other bones, especially flat bones
What does red bone marrow do?
Produce blood cells
Where is yellow bone marrow found?
In the central cavities of long bones
What is yellow bone marrow made of?
Fat cells or adipose tissue
What are the three functions of bone membranes?
- Growth and repair of bone tissue
- Nourishment for bone tissue
- Response to stimuli
What are the two types of bone membrane?
- Periosteum
- Endosteum
Where does periosteum located?
Periosteum is the outer membrane of bones
What is contained in Periosteum?
Osteoblasts, blood and lymph vessels, and nerve fibers
Where is Endosteum found?
Endosteum lines the marrow cavity of bones
Bone-forming cells are called….?
Osteoblasts
Mature bone cells that maintain the bone but do not divide to produce new bone tissue are….?
Osteocytes
Cells that are involved with the breakdown of bone are….?
Osteoclasts
What type of bone makes up the main shaft of long bones and the outer layer of other bones?
Compact bone
What type of bone is hard and dense?
Compact bone
What type of bone is made up of a meshwork of bone fragments?
Spongy bone
What type of bone is filled with red bone marrow?
Spongy bone
What type of bone is located at the ends of long bones and at the center of other bones?
Spongy bone
What type of marrow is found at the ends of long bones and at the center of other bones, especially flat bones?
Red bone marrow
What type of marrow produces blood cells?
Red bone marrow
What type of marrow is found in the central cavities of long bones?
Yellow bone marrow
What type of marrow consists mostly of fat cells or adipose tissue?
Yellow bone marrow
What is the outer membrane of bones called?
Periosteum
What type of bone membrane contains osteoblasts, blood and lymph vessels, and nerve fibers?
Periosteum
What type of bone membrane lines the marrow cavity of bones?
Endosteum
