ch 7 managing self (stress and time) Flashcards
consequence or response to an event or stimulus
stress
examples of external sources of work related stress
-role expectations
-relationships
-position
-gender roles
3 components of role stress
-role ambiguity
-role conflict
-role overload
examples of internal sources of stress
-death of loved one
-car broke down
-losing a job
-marriage/divorce
selye’s general adaptation syndrome theory, 6 stages of predictable pattern of response to stress
-perceived stressor-
stage 1: fight or flight
stage 2: emotional reaction
stage 3: cognitive or intellectual response
stage 4: physical reaction to stress
stage 5: change in stressor or person/no change
stage 6: adaptation or burnout
stress theory: unmet needs motivate employees most of the time
maslow’s hierarchy of needs
stress theory: stress response is a stressor accompanied by psychological changes and physiological alterations that follower fight/flight
selye’s general adaptation syndrome
stress theory: emphasis on importance of innovation and rapid information sharing to improve performance in unpredictable interactions between interdependent people
plsek and greenhalgh’s complex adaptive systems
stress theory: universal observation of the “vital few, trivial many”. 80-20 rule
pareto principle
chronic signs of decreased ability to manage stress (4)
-headaches
-HTN
-backaches
-GI problems
unhealthy coping activities (4)
-increased use drugs/alcohol
-increased weight
-smoking
-crying, yelling, blaming
mental S+S of overstress
-dread going to work
-inability to tolerate change
-frequent errors and incidents
-returning home exhausted and unable to participate in enjoyable activities
-generalized anxiety
-decreased concentration
-depression
-anger, irritability, impatience
-blaming, negotiating
spiritual S+S of overstress
-sense of being a failure
-irritable attitude
-lack of positive feelings toward others
-cynicism towards pts
-excessive worry, insecurity, lowered self-esteem
-increased friend and family conflict
-disconnection from usual sources support/love
effect of prolonged emotional and physical exhaustion and diminished interest caused by an unrelenting workload without relief
burnout
state characterized by distancing oneself from the work itself and developing negative attitudes toward work in general
depersonalization
physical strategies for stress reduction
-accept physical limitations
-modify nutrition
-exercise
-make physical health a priority
-take times for breaks and lunch
-sleep
mental strategies for stress reduction
-learn to say no
-imagery
-hobbies/activities
-plan vacations
-learn communication, conflict resolution, time management skills
emotional/spiritual strategies for stress reduction
-relax
-pray
-professional counseling, mentor
-support groups, networking
-communicate feelings
-ask for feedback and clarification
3 questions to evaluate if stressor can be ignored/minimized
- is this important
- does this affect me/my unit
- can i change this situation
4 time management techniques
-organization
-keeps focused on goals
-tool usage
-time management plan
Absorption in one aspect of a task, or even distractions that prevent focus on a task, preventing successful resolution in a time-effective manner
losing track of time
interventions to avoid losing track of time
-concentrate on results
-guard against common “time stealers”
-minimize distractions
-use an alarm
interventions to avoid doing too much
-reduce number of important tasks due at same time
-be realistic
-avoid multitasking whenever possible
-make a daily to do list
interventions to learn how to say no/not now
-consider delegation
-discuss request in detail
Putting off important tasks because they may not be enjoyable or involve a level of difficulty
procrastination
interventions to avoid procrastination
-identify reason for procrastination
-select least attractive or easiest to do first
-reward yourself after completion of task
