Ch 35 Comfort And Pain Management

Question 1

Acute pain

Answer 1

Episode of pain that lasts from seconds to less than six months

Question 2

Addiction

Answer 2

A pattern of compulsive use of addictive substances for means other than those prescribed

Question 3

Adjuvant

Answer 3

Drugs typically used for other purposes, but also used to enhance the effect of opiates by providing additional pain relief

Question 4

Analgesic

Answer 4

Pharmaceutical agent used to relieve pain

Question 5

Breakthrough pain

Answer 5

Temporary flareup of moderate to severe pain that occurs when the patient is taking around the clock medication for persistent pain

Question 6

Chronic pain

Answer 6

Episode of pain last for six months longer; maybe intermittent or continuous

Question 7

Cutaneous pain

Answer 7

Superficial pain Usually involving the skin or subcutaneous tissue

Question 8

Dynorphin

Answer 8

The endorphin having the most potent Analgesic affect

Question 9

Endorphins

Answer 9

Morphine like substance released by the body that appear to alter the perception of pain

Question 10

Enkephalins

Answer 10

Opioids that are widespread throughout the brain and the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and believed to reduce pain sensation by inhibiting the release of substance P

Question 11

Exacerbation

Answer 11

Period in chronic illness when the symptoms of the disease reappear

Question 12

Gate control theory

Answer 12

Theory that explains that excitatory pain stimuli carried by small diameter nerve fibers can be blocked by inhibiting signals carried by large diameter nerve fibers

Question 13

Intractable

Answer 13

Severe pain that is extremely resistant to relief measures

Question 14

Modulation

Answer 14

Process by which the sensation of pain is inhibited or modified

Question 15

Neuromodulators

Answer 15

Endogenous opiate chemical regulators that appear to have Analgesic activity and alter pain perception

Question 16

Neuropathic pain

Answer 16

Pain that results as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting abnormal functioning of the peripheral nervous system PNS are central nervous system CNS

Question 17

Neuro transmitters

Answer 17

Substances that either excite or inhibit target nerve cells

Question 18

Nociceptive pain

Answer 18

Pain from a normal process that results and noxious stimuli being perceived as painful

Question 19

Nociceptors

Answer 19

Pain receptors

Question 20

Opioid

Answer 20

More correct term for narcotic analgesics, isince these drugs act by binding to opiate receptor sites in the central nervous system

Question 21

Pain threshold

Answer 21

Amount of stimulation required before a person experiences the sensation of pain

Question 22

Pain tolerance

Answer 22

Point Beyond which a person is no longer willing to endure pain i.e. pain of greater duration or intensity

Question 23

Perception

Answer 23

Conscious process of organizing and interpreting data from the senses into meaningful information

Question 24

Phantom pain

Answer 24

Sensation of pain without demonstratable physiologic or pathologic substance; commonly observed after the amputation of a limb

Question 25

Physical dependence

Answer 25

Phenomenon in which the body physiologically becomes accustomed to an opiate and suffers withdrawal symptoms if the opiate is suddenly removed or the dose is rapidly decreased

Question 26

Placebo

Answer 26

Latin word meaning “I shall please”; an inactive substance that gives satisfaction to the person using it

Question 27

Psychogenic pain

Answer 27

Paying for which no physical cause can be identified

Question 28

Referred pain

Answer 28

Pain in an area removed from that and which stimulation has its origin

Question 29

Remission

Answer 29

Period of a chronic illness when the disease is present, but the person does not experience symptoms of the disease

Question 30

Somatic pain

Answer 30

Pain originating in structures in the body’s external wall

Question 31

Tolerance

Answer 31

Occurrence of the body’s becoming accustomed to an opiate and needing a larger dose each time for pain relief

Question 32

Transduction

Answer 32

Activation of pain receptors

Question 33

Transmission

Answer 33

Conduction of pain sensations from the site of an injury or inflammation along clear and unclear pathways to the spinal cord and then onto higher centers

Question 34

Visceral pain

Answer 34

Pain originating in the internal organs in the thorax, cranium, or abdomen

Question 35

A delta and C fibers

Answer 35

Small diameter sensory nerves that respond to stimulation by producing pain sensations

Question 36

Agonist antigonists

Answer 36

Narcotics designed to relieve by stimulating certain opioid receptors while blocking other receptors

Question 37

Narcitic agonists

Answer 37

Drugs that react with the opioid receptors to cause analgesia or pain relief

Question 38

Narcotic antagonists

Answer 38

Design to reverse the effects of opiates; given for an opiate overdose

Question 39

The pain process

Answer 39

Transduction
Transmission
Perception
Modulation

Question 40

FLACC pain scale

Answer 40

Faces
Legs
Activity
Cry
Consolability