Ch 22 Shaping

Question 1

behavior change produced by differential reinforcement; where reinforced responses increase and unreinforced responses decrease

Answer 1

response differentiation

Question 2

shaping procedure using a conditioned reinforcer (clicker sound) to mark correct responses and reinforce successive approximations toward a target behavior

Answer 2

clicker training

Question 3

reinforcing only those responses within a response class that meet specific criterion along some dimension

e.g.

1. frequency- reinforcing client for raising hand only 3x during a lesson instead of calling out
2. topography- reinforcing full sentences instead of 1-word utterances
3. duration- reinforcing client reading for 2 min
4. latency- reinforcing responding within 3s of teacher asking a question
5. magnitude- reinforcing speaking at an appropriate volume instead of shouting

Answer 3

differential reinforcement

Question 4

using differential reinforcement to produce a series of gradually changing response classes; each respons class is a successive approximation toward a terminal behavior.

aka reinforcing successive approximations toward a target bx while extinguishing previous forms

Answer 4

shaping

Question 5

sequence of new response classes that emerge during shaping as a result of differential reinforcement (differential r+ refers to systematically reinforcing only bxs that progressively get closer to a desired target bx)

Answer 5

successive approximations