Cells of the Immune System Flashcards
Which is the most abundant immune cell?
Neutrophils
Describe the appearance of a neutrophil
Multi-lobed nucleus
Contain granules
What are the functions of neutrophils?
Phagocytosis
Degranulation
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap
Describe how NETs work?
Neutrophils release condensed chromatin and granule contents
This captures and kills bacteria
Where are eosinophils found?
In connective tissue under epithelium in the respiratory, GI and urogenital systems
What chemokine attracts eosinophils?
Eotaxin
What are the functions of eosinophils?
Release toxic granules: kill parasites and play a role in allergic reactions
Release chemical mediators which increase inflammation
Which cell is the least common granulocyte?
Basophils
What is contained in the cytoplasmic granules of basophils?
IgE Cytokines Histamine Heparin Proteolytic enzymes
Where are mature mast cells found?
On surfaces exposed to pathogens and allergens
What are mast cells activated by?
IgE
Describe the nucleus of a mast cell
Round
Describe the nucleus of a basophil
Lobated
What are the largest immune cells?
Monocytes
Where are monocytes found?
50/50 between blood and spleen
What is found in the cytoplasm of monocytes?
Lysosome vesicles
What are the functions of monocytes and macrophages?
Phagocytosis
Antigen presentation to T cells
Cytokine production
What are dendritic cells in the skin known as?
Langerhans cell
Where are mature dendritic cells found?
Lining of nose, lungs, stomach, intestines
What are the functions of dendritic cells?
Phagocytosis
-activates the DC and it migrates to the lymph nodes
Antigen presentation in the lymph nodes
