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FIIS > 1. Intro to Immunology > Flashcards

1. Intro to Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Name the primary lymph organs

A

Bone marrow

Thymus

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2
Q

Name the secondary lymph organs

A 
Lymph nodes
Spleen
Appendix
Tonsils
Adenoids
Peyer's patches
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3
Q

What are the components of the body’s physical barrier immunity?

A

Skin
Epithelial linings
Commensal bacteria

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4
Q

What are the chemical components of the body’s barrier immunity?

A

Acid (sweat and stomach)
Anti-microbial enzymes
Anti-microbial peptides

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5
Q

Where are anti-microbial enzymes found?

A

Lysozyme
Tears
Saliva
Gut

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6
Q

Name 3 antimicrobial peptides

A

Defensins
Cathelicidins
Histadins

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7
Q

What cells produce antimicrobial peptides?

A

Epithelial cells

Phagocytes

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8
Q

What mechanisms are included in barrier immunity?

A 
Tears
Cilia
Peristalsis
Coughing, sneezing, vomiting, diarrhoea
Blinking
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9
Q

What is the most important quality of innate immunity?

A

It must be able to differentiate self from non-self

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10
Q

What does PAMP stand for?

A

Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern

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11
Q

What recognises PAMPs?

A

Pathogen Recognition Receptors

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12
Q

Where are PRRs found?

A

Cell surface
Cytosol
Within endosome

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13
Q

What does activation of a PRR result in?

A

Release of pro-inflammatory and anti-pathogenic mediators

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14
Q

What do monocytes differentiate into?

A

Macrophages

Dendritic cells

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15
Q

Why are natural killer cells considered an exception?

A

They come from a lymphoid progenitor but act in the innate response

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16
Q

What is the function of Natural Killer cells?

A

Quickly kill virally-infected or tumour cells using perforin and proteases

17
Q

Which cells play a role in adaptive immunity?

A

T and B lymphocytes

18
Q

What are the responses in adaptive immunity?

A

Cell-mediated

Antibody

19
Q

Where do T cells originate and mature?

A

Originate: bone marrow
Mature: thymus

20
Q

What are T helper cells also known as?

A

CD4+ cells

21
Q

What is the function of Th1 cells?

A

help macrophages and cytotoxic T cells

22
Q

What is the function of Th2 cells?

A

Help B cells produce antibodies

23
Q

What is the function of Th17 cells?

A

Neutrophil recruitment

24
Q

What are cytotoxic T cells also known as?

A

CD8+

25
Q

What can B cells differentiate into?

A

Plasma cells

26
Q

What are the functions of antibodies?

A

Neutralisation
Opsonisation
Complement activation

27
Q

What are cytokines?

A

Soluble proteins that regulate immune responses

28
Q

Name the classes of cytokines

A

Interleukins
Interferons
Colony stimulating factors
Chemokines

29
Q

What are the functions of interferons?

A

Anti-viral

Pro-inflammatory

FIIS (24 decks)

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