21. Connective Tissue Diseases Flashcards
What types of hypersensitivity reactions are present in SLE?
Type 2 and 3
Autoantibodies and immune complex deposition
Can cause inflammation in any organ
What results from type 2 hypersensitivity in SLE?
Haemolytic anaemia
Autoimmune neutropenia and thrombocytopaenia
What results from type 3 hypersensitivity in SLE?
Renal and skin disease
Vasculitis
How does the skin show lupus?
Butterfly rash over cheeks
Discoid lesions with lupus band
What renal damage does SLE cause?
Focal/diffuse segmental/proliferative glomerulonephritis
Membranous glomerulonephritis
Sclerosis
What are other types of SLE?
Neonatal
Drug-induced
Latent
What antibodies are commonly seen in SLE?
ANF
Anti-dsDNA
AENA
Antibodies to RBCs, WBCs and platelets
What types of AENA can be seen in SLE?
Anti-sm
Anti-ro
Anti-la
ro and la also in sjogrens
How is disease monitored in SLE?
Organ function
FBC and ESR (not CRP)
Complement (consumption of C3, 4)
Anti-dsDNA
What is antiphospholipid syndrome?
Acquired thrombophilia due to antibodies against phospholipids
What is the difference between primary and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome?
Primary is unrelated to other disease
Secondary has other connective tissue disease
What is the name of the skin appearance associated with antiphospholipid syndrome?
Livedo reticularis
What are the other manifestations of APLS?
Thrombocytopaenia
Transverse myelitis
Migraine
What is transverse myelitis?
Inflammation in the spinal cord
What are the lab criteria for the diagnosis of APLS?
Lupus anticoagulant
Anti-cardolipin antibodies
Anti-B 2 glycoprotein 1
