carbon cycle 2.1.7 -carbon stores in different biomes

Question 1

define biosphere

Answer 1

where living organisms can live

Question 2

name the 7 different Biomes

Answer 2

1. Tropical Rainforest
2. Temperate Forest (deciduous/trees)
3. Taiga/ Boreal forest (coniferous)
4. Temperate grasslands
5. Tropical grasslands
6. Desert
7. Tundra

Question 3

name the one factor affecting ecosystems

Answer 3

the climate

Question 4

list the 5 things the climate is influenced by

Answer 4

1. precipitation
2. sunlight intensity
3. location’s latitude
4. biome type
5. temperature

Question 5

what do the 5 influences of climate, directly influence the capacity of a biome to store _______

Answer 5

Carbon

Question 6

Name the 3 physical factors affecting plant growth in tropical rainforests

Answer 6

light- at TF latitude the sunlight has little variation so sequestration and all year growth occurs
temperature- high average (23-30)
precipitation- high annual rainfall due to low pressure

this is optimum conditions for terrestrial plant growth and biomass carbon storage

Question 7

which has the biggest proportion of carbon stores in tropical rain forests

out of: Soil, Litter, Biomass

Answer 7

Biomass is the greatest in TR
then it is litter and soil which are very equal

Question 8

define net primary productivity

Answer 8

NPP means: The rate an ecosystem accumulates energy or biomass in terms of photosynthesis, after excluding the energy used for respiration

Question 9

name the location example for a tropical rainforest
How many Gtc is stored in the biomass and soil

Answer 9

amazon rain forest
550 Gtc stored in the biomass and soil of TR

Question 10

List the biodiversity in a tropical rain forest
- vegetation types
-plant species
how much of the worlds plant species are found in the TR

Answer 10

1. vegetation types= field layer, shrub layer, under canopy, continuous canopy, emergent canopy
2. plant species= evergreen/ coniferous trees
   2/3 of the worlds plant species are found in the tropical rain forest

Question 11

name the location example of Temperate Forests
how many Gtc is stored in the biomass and soil

Answer 11

Prairies in North America
185Gtc

Question 12

in the biomass and soil how much carbon is stored in:
-Tropical Rainforests
-Temperate forests

what is the difference in Gtc

Answer 12

TR is 550 Gtc
TF is 185 Gtc

the difference is 365 Gtc

Question 13

in temperate forests
what conditions are needed in autumn to ensure rapid decomposition

Answer 13

warm humid conditions to ensure rapid decomposition

Question 14

List the biodiversity in a temperate forest
- vegetation types
-species

Answer 14

vegetation type= short perennials that have growth buds below the surface- as a why of adapting to drought, fire, permafrost
species= earthworms and Bisen (like a buffalo)

Question 15

Name the 3 physical factors affecting plant growth in Temperate Forests

Answer 15

1. light- seasonal variations of light, weak in winter causing change in plant growth throughout a year
2. temperature- high altitude, deal with extreme temperature ranges
3. precipitation- lower annual rate of rainfall, spread out evenly in a year

Question 16

list the 3 direct threats on tropical rainforests due to human activity

Answer 16

1. deforestation
2. land conversion due to a growing demand for resources = this reduces water and carbon stores and soil health
3. commercial agriculture =soya bean, cattle, palm oil - 1/3 of the TR in costa rica has been cleared for cattle ranching

Question 17

why could temperate grasslands store more carbon than temperate forests
but why does it not happen

Answer 17

grasslands are less susceptible to fires and droughts
but why not- is due to less than 10% of the worlds grasslands are protected

Question 18

what is an indirect threat to TR

Answer 18

climate change
causes wild fires and droughts

Question 19

A threat of temperate forests is H……. L….
List 3 human activities that have caused this

o
c c
unsus a p

Answer 19

Habitat loss of temperate forests due to:
1. Overgrazing
2. crop clearing
3. unsustainable agriculture practices

Question 20

how much of the temperate forests has been lost due to industrial and agriculture uses

what is the % of remaining original tallgrass prairie exits

Answer 20

1/2

1%

Question 21

Deforestation impacts the carbon cycle because it disrupts several important s…….
Name the 3 affects to carbon s…….. that happens due to deforestion

1. ↑ in o……………- leading to s…… e……..- resulting in a L…. of c……. in the s…. s…….
2. ↓ in c…….. stored in b…………
3. ↓ in i…… of o……… m…….. to the s…. s…..

Answer 21

1. Increase in overlandflow- leading to soil erosion- resulting in permanent loss of carbon stored in Soil
2. Loss of carbon stored in biomass
3. The reduction of inputs of organic matter in the soil store