1.3.5 Flashcards
What is gentrification?
A process of renovating deteriorated urban neighbourhoods by means of the influx of more affluent residents
Gentrification often leads to changes in the social fabric of the neighborhood.
What is re-urbanisation?
The movement of people back into an area that has previously experienced decline, usually a government initiative to counter the problem of inner-city decline
Re-urbanisation aims to revitalize urban areas and improve living conditions.
Name 3 key examples you can include in an essay to support your essay, in relation to using brixton as an area that experienced gentrification?
-Schools turned into gated houses and flats
-West Indian foods turned into global food restaurants
-Demographic change to white middle class
Brixton transformed from a feared place to a busy urban area.
What was the most frequent type of housing in Brixton before gentrification?
Squats
The housing situation reflected the economic challenges faced by the local population.
What types of shops were prevalent in Brixton before gentrification?
Independent cheap shops
These shops were replaced by big chains found across the UK.
Name the 2 things you can mention when discussing the gentrification and social changes in an urban area experiencing re-urbanisation
The positive and negative outcomes of gentrification in Brixton
List two positive outcomes of gentrification in Brixton.
- Gentrification brought economy to Brixton
- New businesses and restaurants emerged
Economic revitalization can lead to job creation and increased local investment.
List two negative outcomes of gentrification in Brixton.
- Loss of character and identity of Brixton
- Locals displaced due to rising costs
The cultural significance of neighborhoods can diminish with gentrification.
What is the first step in the process of gentrification?
Rundown/derelict/neglected areas are targeted
Initial conditions often involve significant urban decay.
What role do developers play in gentrification?
Developers come to the area to knock down or refurbish houses
This often leads to increased property values and changes in the local economy.
1.3.5 A
Name 2 reasons why town centres attract growth in the service industry?
- Economic drivers (technological change and increased affluence/Prosperity/)
- Accessibility/transport and communication
1.3.5 A When discussing accessibility, what’s a reason for why the centre attracts growth
Accessibility is better for shopping locations for _______ groups.
lower income
Accessibility influences consumer choices and shopping habits.
List three benefits you can discuss in an essay when mentioning the growth of tertiary sector and the importance of the city centre location
1- Proximity- near local residents houses
2. City centre has highly qualified labour pools- so large supply for workers
3. Shared infrastructure for the businesses
However, a counterpoint to mention after the benefits of central towns, when an essay about the service economy and the social and economic impacts
What are some reasons for decline in central urban areas
e.g. what did Brixton experience before gentrification
- Technology change due to the internet and online shopping, easy access
- Deindustrialisation reducing affluence in urban areas
- Globalisation- increased interconnectedness of the world
1.3.5 C- When the essay asks to discuss complexity of the changing service economy
What do you mention and why it affects central towns growth of the service economy
List the main factor and another factor
- Out of town retailing and office parks
e.g. Amazon warehouses, Westfield and Bluewater shopping centre - because it draws business away from CBD causing deindustrialisation - Technology- globalisation and the internet= increased interconnectedness- therefore easier to buy online which is outcompeting town centres due to convenience and time efficient
What has enabled retailing and offices to be outside the city centre?
Transport and communication advancements
These advancements allow businesses to operate efficiently from various locations.
What is one reason for the decline of central urban areas?
out of town retailing and parks (which decrease football in town centre- no one taking lunch breaks in town, if in the suburbs)
and Technology
Online shopping has reduced foot traffic in traditional retail spaces.
True or False: Out of town shopping centers like Westfield and Bluewater have drawn business away from the CBD.
True
The convenience of out of town centers impacts central business districts.
What is an effect of the development of the internet on the service economy?
Jobs are being overtaken by robots, such as in the automation industry
This shift highlights the impact of technology on employment.
How has the central entertainment shifted due to the internet?
The cinema and physical media sales (DVDs, CDs) have declined–> convenience of watching Netflix at home instead
Streaming services have changed how consumers access entertainment.
Fill in the blank: The changing service economy is more _______ and time efficient for younger people.
convenient
Preferences can vary significantly across different age groups.
