C/14 Quinolones and Fluoroquinolones

Question 1

Norfloxacin

Answer 1

Group 1 FQ

Good activity against most gram neg aerob bacteria

Renal excretion

Bioavailability is reduced by divalent cations

UTI, enteritis

Orally

Question 2

Ciprofloxacin

Answer 2

Group II FQ

Good activity against gram neg aerob bacteria, even Pseudomonas, also against gram pos, legionella

Renal and extrarenal routes of elimination, so dose adjustment in renal failure is not needed.

Anaerobs are resistant

Question 3

Ofloxacin

Answer 3

Group II FQ

Good against atypical bacteria (mycoplasma, chlamydia)

Question 4

Levofloxacin

Answer 4

Group III FQ. L isomer of ofloxacin, twice as potent

Similar to group 2, but better against some gram pos and atypical bacteria. Anaerobs are still resistant.

Oral. Renal clearance

More resp orientation

Question 5

Moxifloxacin

Answer 5

Group IV FQ

Similar to group 3, but more improved to gram pos and some anaerobes as well

Oral

Mostly non-renal elimination. Contraindicated in liver failure

Long half life

Not used in UTIs