Birds Flashcards
Family of chickens, turkeys and quail
Galliformes
Family of finches, sparrows and crows
Passiformes
What line of chickens is used to study vitiligo?
Smyth line of white leghorn chickens
Model of herpesvirus induced atherosclerosis
White leghorns infected with Marek’s disease herpesvirus
Model of hereditary muscular dystrophy
New Hampshire chicken (autosomal recessive)
Order, family and scientific name of Japanese quail
Order Galliformes, family Phasianidae, Coturnix japonica
Research uses of Coturnix japonica
Embryogenesis, birth defects, hypercholesterolemia, xanthomatosis, glycogen storage disease, Pompe’s disease (myotonic dystrophy), osteoporosis
Age of sexual maturity in Coturnix japonica
38-42 days
Chromosome number and sex determination in Coturnix japonica
78 chromosomes
Females ZW and males ZZ (Ovum determines sex)
Minimum floor space per Coturnix japonica per The Guide
0.25 ft^2
Temperature for Coturnix japonica
72-77F (22-25C)
Length of Coturnix japonica egg incubation
16-18 days
Quail bronchitis virus
-Type 1 avian adenovirus
-Very contagious, rapid morbidity and mortality in chicks <6 weeks
-CS = Decreased appetite, ruffled feathers, open-mouth breathing, rales, death
-Path = Tracheal opacity and thickening, basophilic INIBs, bronchitis, hepatic, splenic and cloacal necrosis
Newcastle Disease
-PMV-1
-TM = Fecal/oral, aerosol
-CS = SC or lethargy, ruffled feathers, dyspnea, torticollis, paralysis, hemorrhagic diarrhea
-Path = Tracheal hemorrhage, inflamed Peyer’s patches, pulmonary edema, GI hemorrhage
EEE
-Arbovirus, alphavirus, togaviridae
-TM = Arthropods, feather picking
-CS = Depression, tremor, paralysis, torticollis, death
-Path = Duodenal catarrhal enteritis
Avian encephalomyelitis virus
-Picornaviridae, RNA, nonenveloped
-TM = Fecal/oral, vertical
-CS = Ataxia, tremors in 1-2 week olds, low egg production in adults
-Path = White discoloration of muscularis layer of ventriculus, encephalomyelitis, ganglionitis, lymphoid hyperplasia in GI and heart
Reticuloendotheliosis virus
-Retrovirus, enveloped, RNA
-TM = Direct contact
-CS = Immunosuppression, runting, high mortality, acute reticulum cell neoplasia or T- or B-cell lymphomas
Quail disease
-AKA ulcerative enteritis
-Clostridium colinum
-CS = High mortality, young most susceptible
-Path = Duodenal hemorrhagic enteritis w/ ulceration
Salmonella pullorum and gallinarum
-S. pullorum –> Pullorum disease and S. gallinarum –> Fowl typhoid
-ZOONOTIC
-TM = Fecal/oral, transovarian, carriers
-CS = Weak chicks w/ white, chalky material on vent, resp signs, joint swelling, death
-Path = Splenomegaly and hepatic lesions
Campylobacter jejuni and coli
-ZOONOTIC
-TM = Horizontal and ventral
-CS = None or diarrhea
-Path = Acute gastroenteritis
Pasteurella multocida
-Fowl cholera
-CS = Fever, anorexia, diarrhea, dyspnea, cyanosis with acute disease and swollen joints, torticollis, dyspnea with chronic disease
Family, order and scientific name of zebra finches
Family Estrildidae, order Passeriformes, Taenopygia guttata
Male vs female vs juvenile Taenopygia guttata
Males have brown/orange cheek patches, dark orange beak and lightly barred chest
Females have grey cheeks and chest w/ orange beak
Juveniles have black beaks
Research uses of Taenopygia guttata
Neurobiology (similar striatal and pallidal cell types as mammalian brains), vocal learning, social relationships
Weaning age of Taenopygia guttata
35 days
Zoonotic concerns for Taenopygia guttata
Chlamydophila, Mycobacterium, Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni
Temperature and humidity ranges for Taenopygia guttata
70-80F and 30-70%
Light levels and pattern for Taenopygia guttata
500 lux 12:12 or 14:10 (better if lights fade gradually)
Most common Mycobacterium species in psittacines and passerines
M. genavense
Preferred samples for Chlamydia psittaci PCR
Conjunctival or choanal swabs
Macrorhabdus ornithogaster in Taenopygia guttata
-Gastric yeast
-CS = Subclinical or emaciation, gastric ulceration, death
-DX = PAS, GMS of ventriculus
-TX = Amphotericin B in water or nystatin
