Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 100 > Biology 100 Unit 4 > Flashcards

Biology 100 Unit 4 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

In 1665 Robert Hook found

A

cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cells are small functional units that are characterized by ___________. Living organisms are made from ____________

A

Living, One or more cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why are cells small?

A

So that molecules may enter and leave fast enough to meet the cells needs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does a light microscope work?

A
  • Light passes through the speciman

- A set of optical lenses enlarge it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

_____ organisms are composed of cells

A

all

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is cell theory?

A
  • all organisms are composed of cells

- all cells are composed of previously existing cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Electron microscopes use_____________ allowing us to see up to ________ times which allows us to view ___________

A

a focused beam of electrons, 100,00x, intercellular structures and even viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A ___________ is used to look at the surface of a small object. The electron beam is reflected off of the object’s ____________________

A

scanning electron microscope, surface irregularities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

_______________ is useful for explore the internal structure. The electron beam passes through the object and some structures slow the electrons

A

The transmition microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the two major types of cells

A
  • prokryotic

- eukaryotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

who are unicellular

A

bacteria and protist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

who are multicellular

A

plants and animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What make prokaryotic cells unique

A
  • very small
  • no nucleus
  • No organelles
  • Independent of other cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What make Eukaryotic cells unique

A
  • varying sizes
  • dominant nucleus
  • highly structured
  • contains membrane bound organelles
  • Division of labor among organelles
  • May form tissues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give an example of a unicellular eukaryote

A

paramecium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

___________ is a thin boundary separating the cell from its environment

A

the plasma membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The membranes of cells are composed of

A
  • phospholipids

- proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The membrane acts as a boundary for

A

biochemical reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The membrane phospholipids are arranged in a double layer called the

A

phospholipid bilayer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The ___________ is the model that shows how phospholipids and protein molecules may drift through the membrane

A

the fluid mosaic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

________ molecules can move with in this in the membrane

A

fluid

22
Q

different types of proteins exist with the membrane

A

mosaic

23
Q

the plasma membranes of cells are

A

selectively permeable

24
Q

the plasma membrane controls ________ and influences which substances may cross into the cell and at what speed

A

energy

25
Q

the control center of the cell

A

nucleus

26
Q

Inside the nucleus DNA is present and expressed as segments called ______

A

genes

27
Q

What genes express to ___________

A

produce proteins

28
Q

surrounding the nucleus is another membrane called

A

the nuclear envelope

29
Q

the nucleus stores genetic information in the form of

A

chromosomes

30
Q

When DNA is transferred to _______ it becomes accessible

A

RNA

31
Q

The cell has a variety of seperate membrane bound compartments called

A

organelles

32
Q

Many organelles surrounded by membrane are part of the

A

endomembrane system

33
Q

The endomembrane system includes

A
  • endoplasmic reticulum
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Lysosomes and Vacuoles
34
Q

The endoplasmic reticulum is composed of two distinct components

A
  • rough ER

- smooth ER

35
Q

what form on the membrane of the rough ER that give the ER its rough appearance

A

Ribosomes

36
Q

the main function of the rough ER are to produce

A

protein precursors

new membrane molecules

37
Q

The smooth ER has no ribosomes on its surface, it produces

A

lipids steriods, and hormones

38
Q

Protein precursor molecules are packaged and transported in

A

vesicles

39
Q

the ________ receives precursors from the Er then refines, stores, and repackages proteins so they can be sent to areas inside and outside the cell where they can function

A

golgi apparatus

40
Q

is a type of vesicle containing digestive enzymes. They fuse vacuoles to digest food particles as well as damage organelles inside the cell

A

lysosomes

41
Q

membrane sacs

A

vacuoles

42
Q

the ___________ and ___________ are inter conncted membrane bound organelles linked as a protein making conyor belt

A

golgi and ER

43
Q

What are the two types of vacuoles

A

vacuoles of protists and the central vacuoles of plants

44
Q

Plants have membrane bound organelles called

A

chloroplast

45
Q

chloroplast conduct

A

photosynethesis in plants

46
Q

Both plants and animals have ___________ which conduct cellular energy processes

A

mitocondria

47
Q

the internal network of fibers called the _________________ helps the cell maintain its shape, structure, and anchor other organelles

A

cytoskeleton

48
Q

The cytoskelliton is made of

A

micro filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules

49
Q

________ are made from an arrangment of microtubials

A

cilia and flagella

50
Q

use whip like beats to propel a cell through an enviroment

A

flagella

51
Q

are short types of flagella that are coordinated and provide propulsion in wavelike back and forth movements

A

cilia

52
Q

the human windpipe is lined with

A

cilia which bring up polluatants

Biology 100 (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions