Biology 100 Unit 3 Flashcards
one of the most versatile and essential atoms used in the building blocks of cells
Carbon
Molecules which contain carbon are referred to as __________molecules
organic
___________ is the study of carbon compounds
organic chemistry
Carbon can form ______________
4 covelent bonds
Carbon compounds can be ___________ ________ __________
linear, branched, and cyclical
The simplest organic compound is ________ a hydrocarbon
methane
contain only carbon and hydrogen
hydrocarbon
Larger hydrocarbons
gasoline, fat molecules, energy storage
Functional Groups
molecules that attach to hydrocarbons
Giant molecules used in contructing cells
macromolecules
most macromolecules are constructed by grouping together smaller molecules called
monomers
multiple monomers
polyemer
Monomers are linked through
dehyderation synthesis
the reverse of dehydration synthesis
hydrolosis
What are the four types of macromolecules
- carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Proteins
- Nucleic Acid
small carbohydrates
sugars
long molecules such as _______ found in potatoes
starch
strong molecules such as ____________ in plants
cellulose
simple sugars composed of a sugar monomer
monosaccharides ex: Glucose, Glactose, Fructose
glucose and fructose have identical molecular formulas but different structures therefore they are
isomers
when disolved in water monosaccharides form a
ring structure and can be broken down for energy in our cells