Biology 100 Unit 1 Flashcards
Life is structured on a size scale ranging from ________
Molecular to Global
Biology’s scope stretched across the enormous diversity of life on earth. Regardless on the the type of ____
Life
Life exhibits ______________
Properties
Structure and processes of living can be complex, but they are always _______
Order(ed)
Each type of organism should be able to ______ its own kind.
Reproduction (reproduce)
Inherent genetic information the controls the ___________ and __________ of all organisms
Growth and Development
Organisms must have a reliable mechanism to obtain and use sources of _________ for daily activities and maintenance
energy processing (energy)
Live organisms are able to ____ to all kinds of _______ stimuli
Respond to Environment (Respond Environment)
Internal mechanisms adjust an organism to compensate for changing for changing environmental conditionals
Regulation
Populations of organisms are able to adapt to changing environmental conditions and as a result change perminanently
Evolutionary Adaptations
The properties of life are: (7)
Order, reproduction, Growth & Development, Responce to the Environment, Regulation, Energy Processing, and Evolutionary Adaptations
The scientific study of life
Biology
Our understanding of Biology provides break throughs in
- Solving Crimes
- Ecology helps us address environmental issues
- Medicine, Health, & Agriculture
Biologists study life ranging from an entire ______ to the smallest ________
biosphere, atom
-the smallest unit of matter ex: 1 hydrogen atom
Atom
more than one ATOM bound together ex: 0_2
Molecule
“little organ” a specialized cellular part ex: nuclous (of a cell)
Organelle
smallest unit of life may need more than one
Cell
multiple cells working together to perform a function ex: Nervous Tissue
Tissue
multiple tissues working together to perform a function. Ex: Brain
Organ
a single living being ex: alegator
Organism
multiple of the same organism living together ex: All alegators living in the wetlands
Population
several populations of different species living in a given area ex: all populations living in the wetlands
Communities
All living organisms and non-living matter in a given area ex: florida everglades
Ecosystem
All ecosystem combined ex: fForida
Biosphere
Each organism interacts with its environment ____________ and all the _____________
Everywhere; all the time
type of biology that models the complex interactions of biological systems
Systems Biology
Interactions between organism and the environment have an effect on …..
Both the environment and the organism
Ex: Yucka Moth and Yucka Plant
Any ecosystem, life depends on two major processes
- nutriet cycling: Recycling
- energy flow: Energy flow down from one organism to another
The ————is the smallest component of the biological hierarchy that can be considered alive.
Cell
the theory that all organisms are composed of cells
cell theory
what are the two major types of cells
Prokaryotic cells, Eukaryotic cells
Cell that are small, simple, and have no nucleous
Prokaryotic cells
a larger more complex cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
eukaryotic cells
10-100x larger than prokaryotic cells, Membrane, Organells, Nucleus, DNA
Eukaryotic Cells
DNA, Membrane, Simple, Small
Prokaryotic cell
DNA code for genes which are
the units of inheritance
the building blocks of DNA are called
Nucleotides
DNA is made of combinations of 4 ________ What are they
Nucleotides
A-T G-C
Specific nucleotides bond together making DNA double stranded as a
double helix
The sequence of the nucleotides
decides the information
a defining characteristic of living things
Diversity
How many species of organisms have been described by scientists
1.8 million
How many species of organisms are estimated to exists
10-100 million
another branch of biology which deals with the classification of organisms
taxonomy
an essential component of all ecosystems because different organisms perform different tasks in an ecosystem
biodiversity
What are the three domains of life:
- Archaea
- Bacteria
- Eukarya
Bacteria and Archaea are considered ______ species
Prokaryotic: single celled without a nucleus have a circular nucleode
The domain Eukarya include what four kingdoms
- Protista
- Plantae
- Fungi
- Animalia
widely accepted explanation that is supported by a large body of evidence
Theory
to know, a way of knowing, done by testing, observing, experimenting
Science
What are the two approaches to science?
- Discovery
- Hypothesis driven science, testing, observing, using the scientific method
Verifiable observations and measurements
discovery science
Discovery science leads to _______ a generalization that is summarized from a large number of scientific observations
Inductive Reasoning
asking Questions and seeking explanations
hypothesis driven science
hypothesis driven science leads to ________ using general premises to extrapolate in specific results
Deductive Reasoning
hypothesis driven science uses the
Scientific method
What are the steps of the scientific method
- Observation
- Question
- Hypothesis
- Prediction
- Test
an in depth examination of an actual investigation
Case study ex: brightly colored snakes
a test where the person conducting the test only changes one variable at a time in order to isolate the results.
Controlled experiment
