Behavioral science 4.6 Flashcards
Phonology
The sound of language
Categorical perception
The ability to make a distinction between different pronunciations of the same word
Morphology
Structure of words each component is defined as a morpheme each part has meaning for example Re: is indicating to do again like re-run
Semantics
Association of meeting with the word
Syntax
How words are put together to form sentences
Pragmatics
Refers to the dependence of language on context and pre-existing knowledge (context)
Language age 9 to 12
Babbling
Language age 12 to 18
Learning about one new word every month
Language age 18 to 20 months
I explosion of language learning of many words and combining words
Language age2 to 3 years
Formation of longer sentences with grammatical errors
Language at five years
Language rules are mostly mastered
Nativist theory of language
There exists some capacity for language and an already established pathway in the brain for the development of language
The nativist critical period for language acquisition
Age 2 to the puberty
Learning theory of language
Language is reinforced by hearing parents and other adult figures speech reinforcing certain words and their importance of other sounds
Social interactionist theory
Development of language is strongly based on child’s desire to communicate and behave in a social manner
Linguistic relativity hypothesis
Our perception of reality is determined by the language that we know and speak
Brain areas involved with speech
Broca’s area-controls the motor function of speech by connection to the motor cortex
Wernicke’s area- responsible for language comprehension
These two areas are connected by the arcuate fasciculus
Broca’s aphasia
Reduced or absent ability to produce spoken language
Wernicke’s aphasia
Comprehension of speech is lost and nonsensical sounds are inappropriate word combinations occur
Conduction aphasia
Lack of communication between the broca and Wernick’s area resulting in the inability to repeat something that has been said
