Behavioral Science 4.1 Flashcards
Cognition
Ability to process and react to large amounts of information
Dual coding theory
Visual and verbal information is used for storage in the brain
The information processing model
- Thinking requires sensation, encoding, and storage of stimuli
- Stimuli must be analyzed by the brain to be useful in decision making
- Decisions made in one situation can be extrapolated and adjusted to help solve new problems
- Problem-solving is dependent not only on the persons cognitive level but also on the context and complexity of the problem
Cognitive development
The ones development of the ability to solve problems and think
Jean Piaget’s for steps to cognitive development
- Sensorimotor
- Preoperational
- Concrete operational
- Formal operational
Schema
Organized Patterns of thought and behavior
Assimilation
Classifying new information into existing schemas
Accommodation
Altering an existing schema to accommodate new information
Sensorimotor stage
Age 0-2
Learns to manipulate their environment to their needs.
Primary circular reactions
The repetition of a body movement originally discovered by chance.
Secondary circular motion
Repeated behavior focused on something outside of the body that elicits a response from the environment.
Object permanence
Ends the sensorimotor stage and allows the body to recognize that something is still there even if you can’t see it
Preoperational stage
Age2-7
Characterized by symbolic thinking, egocentrism, and centration
Symbolic thinking
Ability and to imagine play pretend
Egocentrism
Inability to understand what other people may think or feel
Centration
Only having the ability to focus on one aspect of a complex phenomenon
Concrete operational stage
Age 7-11
Understand conservation and can have logical thought and aware of the feelings of others.
Formal operational stage
Age after 11
Ability to think logically about abstract ideas for children to solve problems and develop hypothesis
Lev vygostsky
Culture is the engine drives cognitive development based on societal rules symbols and language
Fluid intelligence
Problem solving skills
Crystallized intelligence
Learned skills and knowledge
Dementia
Begins as impaired memory but later progresses compare judgment and confusion
Can be caused by Alzheimer’s or vascular dementia which is caused by high blood pressure and repeated microscopic clots in the brain
Delirium
Rapid fluctuation in cognitive ability caused by issues including electrolyte and pH disturbances malnutrition low blood sugar infection drug reaction alcohol withdrawal and pain
