Behavioral science 4.2

Question 1

Mental set

Answer 1

Tendency to approach similar problems in the same way

Question 2

Functional fixedness

Answer 2

Inability to consider how to use an object in a non-traditional manner

Question 3

Deductive reasoning

Answer 3

Starts from a general set of rules and draws a conclusion from the information given

Question 4

Inductive reasoning

Answer 4

Seeks to create a theory by generalization

Question 5

Heuristic

Answer 5

Simplified principles used to make decisions

Question 6

Availability heuristic

Answer 6

Decisions are made based on how easy it is to recall or imagine something

Question 7

Representativeness heuristic

Answer 7

Categorizes items based on if they fit the prototypical, stereotypical, or representative image of that category

Question 8

Base rate fallacy

Answer 8

Ignoring actual numerical information because of stereotypical factors

Question 9

Disconfirmation principal

Answer 9

Elimination of a potential solution when testing shows it does not work

Question 10

Confirmation bias

Answer 10

Tendency to focus on information that confirms beliefs and reject information that goes against them

Question 11

Belief perseverance

Answer 11

Inability to reject particular beliefs despite clear contrary evidence

Question 12

Intuition

Answer 12

Ability to act on perceptions that are not supported by current evidence

Question 13

Recognition primed decision model

Answer 13

When certain events elicits a decision based on a subconscious extensive experience that matches patterns

Question 14

Multiple intelligences

Answer 14

Defines seven types of intelligence

Linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, visual-spatial, body–kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal