b7b- ecology biodiversity

Question 1

What is an apex predator?

Answer 1

A predator with no predators (top of the food chain)

Question 2

What are the advantages of maintaining a great biodiversity? (2)

Answer 2

ensures the stability of ecosystems by reducing the dependence of one species of another for food/shelter etc.
ensures the future of human species- many human activities are reducing biodiversity

Question 3

What is biodiversity?

Answer 3

the variety of all different species of organisms on Earth or within an ecosystem

Question 4

Name some programmes put in place to reduce the negative impacts humans have on biodiversity (4)

Answer 4

breeding programs for endangered species
protection and regeneration of endangered habitats
recycling resources rather than dumping waste
reduction of carbon dioxide emissions and deforestation by governments

Question 5

what is level one of the pyramid of biomass

Answer 5

plants and algaes- producers

Question 6

Whats level two on the pyramid of biomass

Answer 6

herbivores that eat producers- primary consumers

Question 7

Whats level three on the pyramids of biomass

Answer 7

carnivores that eat herbivores- secondary consumers

Question 8

what is level four of the pyramids of biomass

Answer 8

carnivores that eat secondary consumers- teritary consumers

Question 9

Why does large scale deforestation occur in tropical areas particularly? (4)

Answer 9

provide land for cattle
provide land for rice fields
provide land for growth of biofuels
this leads to a reduction in biodiversity

Question 10

how does humans land use negatively impact biodiversity?

Answer 10

humans reduce amount of land available for plants and animals eg. for building/farming/ dumping waste etc.
decay or burning of peat from peat bogs releases large amounts of co2 to atmosphere
destruction of peat bogs and other areas to produce garden compost reduces biodiversity

Question 11

what is global warming?

Answer 11

levels of carbon dioxide and methane are increasing in the atmosphere due to human activity

Question 12

name some effects of global warming on biodiversity (4)

Answer 12

sea level rise
decreased land availability due to sea level rise
extreme weather events harm populations of plants and animals
damaged and destroyed habitats due to temperature rise

Question 13

waste management (2)

Answer 13

rapid human population growth and increases in standard of living means that more waste is being produced
this pollution can kill animals and plants, reducing biodiversity

Question 14

where can pollution occur? (3)

Answer 14

in water from sewage and toxic chemicals
in air from smoke and acidic gases
on land from landfill and toxic chemicals

Question 15

what is food security?

Answer 15

having enough food to feed the population

Question 16

name some factors affecting food security (5)

Answer 16

increasing birth rate
changing diet in developing countries
new pests and pathogens
conflicts (war)
enviromental change

Question 17

farming techniques to increase efficiency of food population (3)

Answer 17

restrict movement of animals to limit energy loss
feed animals high protein foods
controlling temperature of their surroundings