B7- global warming, deforestation, maintaing biodiv Flashcards
what is the temperature of the earth?
a balance between the energy it gets from the sun and the energy it radiates back out into space
what do gases in atmosphere do?
naturally act like an insulating layer, absorb energy radiated towards space from earth and re-radiate in all directions (including back towards the earth) increasing earths temperature
which are the main green house gases contributing to the effect?
CO2 and Methane
effect of global warming?
-sea levels rise: increased flooding loss of habitats
-distribution of wild animals + plant species, along with rainfall changes:
-change of migration patterns
-biodiversity reduced: species unable to survive in change of climate and become extinct
what do humans use land for?
builidngs, farming, quarrying, dumping waste
harm of human land use?
less land for other organisms, deforestation, loss of habitats
what are effects of deforestation?
(LESS CO2)- how
(MORE CO2 ATM)- how
(LESS BIOD)-how
-LESS C02 TAKEN IN: less photosynthesis, “locked up” carbon released
-MORE CO2 IN ATMOSPHERE: CO2 released when burnt> contributing to pollution, microorganisms feed on dead wood + RESPIRE
-LESS BIODIVERSITY: habitats destroyed many species become extinct, less biod
what are peat bogs?
bogs are acidic and waterlogged land, not enough oxygen so plants don’t fully decay, partly- rotted plants build up into peat. SO CARBON STORED IN PEAT.
what happens when peat bogs are drained or burnt?
comes into more contact with air, microorganisms start to decompose it and RESPIRE contributing to global warming, when burnt CO2 released
what happens to peat bogs?
Drained for farmland, or peat is cut open dried to be used as a fuel. also sold to gardners as compost. USED FASTER THEN FORMS
affect on habitats when peat bogs destroyed?
destroys habitates and reduces biodiversity
why are breeding programmes set up?
prevent endangered species from becoming extinct
what do breeding programmes do? (how)
animals are bred in captivity, incase it dies out in wild. individuals can be released into the wild to boost or re-establish a population.
what are examples of programmes set up to minimise damage by human activities to ecosystems and biodiversity? (5)
-breeding programmes
-programmes to protect and re-generate rare habitats
-programmes to reintroduce hedgerows and field margins
-government programmes and regulations to reduce deforestation levels and amount of CO2 released
-encouragement for individuals to recycle
How are protection and re-generation of rare habitats programmes beneficial?
habitats such as mangroves, heathland and coral reeves are started to protect the species that live there preserving the ecosystem and biodiversity
how do programmes to reintroduce hedgerows and field margins work?
field margins and hedgerows and reintroduced around a single type crop field on a farm, so wild flowers and grasses grow providing habitats to a wider variety of organisms.
How are government regulations on deforestation and CO2 beneficial?
reduces the increase of global warming by decreased CO2 released.
How is encouragement to recycle beneficial?
reduces land taken up for landfill sites, leaving ecosystem in place.
what is an economic factor around maintaining biodiversity?
-governments pay farmer a subsidy to reintroduce hedgerows.
-costs to KEEP WATCH if regulations about maintaining biodiv are being FOLLOWED
what is an affect on people’s livelihood around maintaining biodiv?
-lack of deforestation: People can be left unemployed in the tree felling industry, affecting local economy if people move away to find work
how does our food security effect maintaining biodiversity?
-orgaisms (such as foxes) can be seen as pests by farmer and are killed to protect crops and livestock so more food can be produced.
affecting food chains and biod
how does development effect maintaining biodiversity?
During development land (which was previously untouched highly biodiverse regions) is in high demand for housing or new agriculture
