B7: FEEDING RELATIONSHIPS Flashcards

1
Q

What is a producer?

A

(almost always) green plant that photosynthesise to produce glucose

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2
Q

What do primary consumers feed on?

A

producers

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3
Q

What do secondary consumers feed on?

A

primary consumers

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4
Q

What do tertiary consumers feed on?

A

secondary consumers

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5
Q

What do producers provide?

A

biomass

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6
Q

What are the use of glucose in plants?

A

-respiration
-to make cellulose for cell walls
-converted to lipids for storage
-converted to starch for storage
-combined with nitrates to make amino acids which are then used to make proteins

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6
Q

What are apex predators?

A

carnivores with no predators

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6
Q

What is biomass?

A

mass of living material

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7
Q

What are the trophic levels?

A

LEVEL 1 - plants and algae (producers)
LEVEL 2 - herbivores that eat plants and algae (primary consumers)
LEVEL 3 - carnivores that eat herbivores (secondary consumers)
LEVEL 4 - carnivores that eat other carnivores (tertiary consumers)

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8
Q

What level(s) do decomposers fit into? why?

A

-decomposers fit into all levels
-because they break down dead matter by secreting enzymes to digest dead matter into small soluble molecules which they then absorb and there is dead matter in all levels

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9
Q

Is energy gained/lost at each trophic level?

A

lost

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10
Q

How much energy from light do producers transfer to photosynthesis?

A

~1%

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11
Q

How much biomass is transferred to the level above it?

A

only ~10%

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12
Q

How can biomass be lost at each trophic level?

A

-respiration (energy released for bodily functions rather than producing biomass)
-uneaten material (eg: bones)
-not all ingested material absorbed (eg: egested as faeces)
-lost as waste (eg: CO2 and H2O in respiration, urea in urine)

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13
Q

How do you calculate efficiency of biomass?

A

efficiency = (biomass transferred/biomass available) x 100

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14
Q

What are predator-prey cycles an example of?

A

the interdependence of species

15
Q

As prey population size increases, what happens to predator population size?

A

it increases

16
Q

As predator population size increases, what happens to prey population size?

A

it decreases

17
Q

As prey population size decreases, what happens to predator population size?

A

it decreases