B6: INHERITANCE Flashcards
What is an allele?
an alternate version/form of a gene
What is genotype?
the alleles you have (eg: Rr)
What is phenotype?
the characteristics you have (eg: blue eyes)
What is a dominant trait?
a trait that only requires one allele to be expressed (represented by a capital letter)
What is a recessive trait?
a trait that requires 2 alleles to be expressed (represented by a lowercase letter)
What does homozygous mean?
2 of the same allele (AA or aa)
What does heterozygous mean?
2 alleles that are different (Aa)
What are the alleles for female sexual characteristics?
XX
What are the alleles for male sexual characteristics?
XY
What pair of chromosomes determines sex?
the 23rd pair
What is cystic fibrosis?
disorder of cell membranes resulting in sticky mucus building up in lungs and digestive system
Is cystic fibrosis caused by a recessive allele or a dominant allele?
recessive allele
What is polydactyly?
a disorder that causes you to have extra fingers/toes
Is polydactyly caused by a recessive allele or a dominant allele?
dominant allele
