B1: DIFFERENTIATION AND SPECIALISATION

Question 1

Sperm cells
-animal/plant?
-function?
-adaptation?

Answer 1

-animal cells
-fertilise the egg
-ADAPTATIONS:
-streamlined head
-long tail
-lots of mitochondria
-enzyme in head to break down egg

Question 2

Root hair cells
-animal/plant?
-function?
-adaptation?

Answer 2

-plant cells
-absorb minerals and water from the soil
-ADAPTATIONS:
-increased surface area
-lots of mitochondria

Question 3

Nerve cells
-animal/plant?
-function?
-adaptations?

Answer 3

-animal cells
-carry electrical impulses around body
-ADAPTATIONS:
-dendrites for connecting
-axon carries nerve impulse
-synapse to pass impulse
-lots of mitochondria

Question 4

Muscle cells
-animal/plant?
-function?
-adaptations?

Answer 4

-animal cells
-contract and relax for movement
-ADAPTATIONS:
-proteins that slide over each other
-lots of mitochondria
-store glycogen

Question 5

Xylem cells
-animal/plant?
-function?
-adaptations?

Answer 5

-plant cells
-carry water and minerals up the plant
-ADAPTATIONS:
-very few sub-cellular structures
-cells die and form long hollow tubes for minerals and water
-spirals make them strong

Question 6

Phloem cells
-animal/plant?
-function?
-adaptations?

Answer 6

-plant cells
-transport of food molecules (glucose)
-ADAPTATIONS:
-elongated tubes
-sieve plates