B6: MUTATION + VARIATION

Question 1

What is a mutation?

Answer 1

-a random change in DNA
-occur continuously and spontaneously

Question 2

How can the chance of mutation be increased?

Answer 2

certain mutagenic agents (eg: ionising radiation)

Question 3

How can mutations affect the protein made?

Answer 3

-changing order of amino acids changes the folding
-which changes the shape of the protein
-which means it may not function

Question 4

What are the 4 types of mutation?

Answer 4

-insertion
-deletion
-inversion
-duplication

Question 5

What is variation?

Answer 5

different characteristics/phenotypes within a species

Question 6

How can a mutation cause more variation within the species?

Answer 6

-mutations can cause a new genetic variant to form
-which leads to a new phenotype
-meaning more variation within the species

Question 7

What are the three types of variation?

Answer 7

-genetic
-environmental
-combination of genetic and environmental factors

Question 8

What is genetic variation (+examples)?

Answer 8

-genes inherited
-eg: eye colour, blood group, flower colour

Question 9

What is environmental variation (+examples)?

Answer 9

-conditions in which they have developed
-eg: piercings, scars, accent

Question 10

What are examples of a combination of both genetic and environmental factors?

Answer 10

-skin colour
-height
-weight