Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

bio > B2 - cell structure- animal, plants, bacteria, specialised > Flashcards

B2 - cell structure- animal, plants, bacteria, specialised Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are the organelles in an animal cell (6)

A

nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosome, mitochondria, glycogen granules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Whare are the organelles in a plant cell (9)

A

nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosome, mitochondria, permanent vacuole, cell wall, chloroplast, starch grain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the organelles in a bacteria cell (6)

A

cytoplasm, cell membrane, plasmid, ribosomes, cell wall, circular DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the functions of nucleus

A
  • controls all cell activites
  • contains genetic information (DNA)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the function of cytoplasm

A

gel- like substance in cell which contains the organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the function of cell membrane

A

-selectively permeable
-controls which substances enter or leave the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the function of ribosomes

A

carries out protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the function of mitchondria

A

carries out aerobic respiration which releases energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the function of glycogen granules

A

temporary food store of carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the function of permanent vacoule

A

-contains salts sugars and cell sap
-keeps cell turgid to support the plant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the function of cell wall (plants)

A
  • made of cellulose
    -fully permeable
  • supports and protects cell
    -keeps cell from bursting
  • keeps cell shape
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the function of chloroplast

A

-contains chlorophyll (green pigment which absorbs light energy)
-site of photosynthesis
-makes glucose and sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the function of starch grains

A

-store of carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the function of circular DNA

A

-contains genetic information (DNA)
-controls all cell activites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the function of cell wall (bacteria)

A

-made of peptidoglycans (contain protein)
-fully permeable
-keeps cell from bursting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the function of plasmid

A

-small circle of DNA containing survival genes which can be transferred to other bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the difference in ribosome in bacteria than plant and animal cells

A

ribosomes in bactria are smaller than the ribosomes in plant and animal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the function of cytoplasm in bacteria cells

A

-gel- like substance in cell which contains the organelles
-site of chemical reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what do bacteria cell not have the plant cells do

A

nucleus, mitochondria, permanent vacuole, chloroplast

20
Q

what is the difference in shape of plant and animal cells

A

animal- irregular
plant- regular

21
Q

what is the difference in the type of vacuole animal and plant cells have

A

animal- small, temporary
plant- large, permanent, central

22
Q

how do bacteria reproduce

A

binary fission

23
Q

how doe binary fission work

A
  1. the original bacteria cell expands to a critical length and a copy of the DNA is synthesized ( DNA replication)
    [DNA is copied so that the number of loops in the daughter cells are identical to the original cell]
  2. Daughters cells are formed- genetically identical to the original cell (clones)
24
Q

define generation time

A

time taken for each cell to divide into 2

25
Q

what are the specialised cells (7)

A

Red blood cells, Ciliated cells, Palisade mesophyll cells, Root hair cells, Sperm cells, Egg cells, Neuron cells

26
Q

what does the red blood cell do

A

transport oxygen

27
Q

what does the ciliated cells do

A

movement of mucus in the trachea and bronchi

28
Q

what does the palisade mesophyll cells do

A

trap light for photosynthesis

29
Q

what does the root hair cells do

A

absorption of water and minerals

30
Q

what does the sprem cells do

A

reproduction

31
Q

what does the egg cells do

A

reproduction

32
Q

what does the Neuron cells do

A

conduction of electrical impulses

33
Q

what are the specialised parts in a red blood cell

A
  • no nucleus
  • cytoplasm contains haemoglobin
  • bi- concave shape
34
Q

what are the specialised parts in a ciliated cell

A
  • cilia (layers of tiny hair)
35
Q

what are the specialised parts in a palisade mesophyll cell

A

-many chloroplast
- starch
-column shaped

36
Q

what are the specialised parts in a root hair cell

A
  • increases surface area
    -thin cell walls
37
Q

what are the specialised parts in a sperm cell

A
  • acrosome
  • head
    -mid piece
    -flagellum (tail)
38
Q

what are the specialised parts in a egg cell

A

-haploid
- cytoplasm
-cell membrane

39
Q

what are the specialised parts in a neuron cell

A
  • dendrites
  • myelin (fatty sheath)
    -very long
40
Q

how dose the specialised parts in red blood cell help

A

-no nucleus - allows more room for haemoglobin
-cytoplasm - contains haemoglobin (protein which carries oxygen molecules)
-bi- concave shape - increases surface for faster absorption of oxygen

41
Q

how dose the specialised parts in ciliated cells help

A

-cilia - move and push mucus - transports trapped dust and microbes

42
Q

how dose the specialised parts in palisade mesophyll cells help

A

-many chloroplast - have chlorophyll and enzymes to make glucose by photosynthesis - for most light absorption for photosynthesis
-starch - stores carbohydrates in cytoplasm
-column shape - max absorption of light - fit as many as possible in the leaf

43
Q

how dose the specialised parts in root hair cell help

A

-increased surface area - mas absorption of water and minerals
-thin cell walls - water moves through quickly (faster absorption)

44
Q

how dose the specialised parts in sperm cell help

A

-acrosome - has digestive enzymes to penetrate egg
- head - has haploid - contains genetic information - has 23 chromosomes
- mid piece - has lots mitochondria to release energy to swim and fertalise egg
-flagellum - helps sperm to swim to egg

45
Q

how dose the specialised parts in egg cell help

A

-haploid - contains genetic information - has 23 chromosomes
-cytoplasm - has nutrients for growth of early embryo
- cell membrane - changes after fertalisation by a single sperm cell to prevent more than 1 sperm entering

46
Q

how dose the specialised parts in neuron cells

A
  • dendrites - communicates with other cells
  • myelin (fatty sheath) - speeds up impulses
    -very long - rapid transmition over a long distance
47
Q

how does change in shape of red blood cell change its function

A

-less surface area
-less oxygen transported

bio (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions