B12 - aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Question 1

define respiration

Answer 1

chemical reaction in cells that break down nutrient molecules and release energy for metabolism

Question 2

when and where does respiration take place

Answer 2

all the time in all cells of living things

Question 3

what is the main energy used to provide energy in cells

Answer 3

glucose

Question 4

6 uses of energy in living things

Answer 4

-muscle contractions
-protein synthesis
-cell division
-growth
-the passage of nerve impulses
-maintenance of a constant body temperature (37C)

Question 5

define aerobic respiration

Answer 5

chemical reaction in cells that use oxygen to break down nutrient molecules and to release energy

Question 6

balanced equation for aerobic respiration (don’t add energy)

Answer 6

C6H12O6 + 6O = 6CO2 + 6H20
1glucose + 6oxygen = 6 carbon dioxide + 6 water

Question 7

word equation for aerobic respiration (don’t add energy)

Answer 7

glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water

Question 8

how much energy is produced from aerobic respiration

Answer 8

2880 KJ

Question 9

2 aerobic respiration experiments

Answer 9

-use soaked pea seed with a thermometer
-set up a respirometer including soda lime to absorb carbon dioxide and a coloured liquid which will move towards the organism

Question 10

2 evidence of aerobic respiration

Answer 10

-heat released
-used up oxygen - so coloured liquid moves towards organism

Question 11

define anaerobic respiration

Answer 11

chemical reaction in cells that breaks down nutrient molecules to release energy without oxygen

Question 12

how does anaerobic respiration work

Answer 12

during VIGOUROUS exercises, demand of oxygen exceed supply of oxygen (causing oxygen debt), muscles do anaerobic respiration

Question 13

word equation for anaerobic respiration (don’t add energy)

Answer 13

glucose = lattice acid

Question 14

how much energy is produced from anaerobic respiration

Answer 14

120 KJ

Question 15

what does lattice acid build up do to muscles

Answer 15

-muscle fatigue
-feel pain

Question 16

why cannot anaerobic respiration continue for a long time

Answer 16

lattice acid build up

Question 17

what happens after VIGOROUS exercise stops

Answer 17

lattice acid is sent to liver through bloodstream to oxidise it. The heart continues to beat fast when transporting lattice acid from muscles to liver

Question 18

how is breathing affected after anaerobic respiration and why

Answer 18

they breathe DEEPLY and RAPIDLY to supply extra oxygen to oxidise the toxic lattice acid into harmless products.

Question 19

where does lattice acid build up

Answer 19

-muscles
-blood

Question 20

define oxygen debt

Answer 20

the extra oxygen needed after exercise to break down lactic acid

Question 21

advantages of aerobic over anaerobic

Answer 21

-not produce lattice acid
-release more energy

Question 22

explanation of increased oxygen consumption

Answer 22

-increased muscle contractions
-increased need for energy and oxygen
-increased breathing rate

Question 23

is carbon dioxide released in anaerobic respiration

Answer 23

no

Question 24

is oxygen required for anaerobic respiration

Answer 24

no

Question 25

reactants of aerobic and anaerobic

Answer 25

aerobic - glucose + oxygen anaerobic - glucose

Question 26

products of aerobic and anaerobic

Answer 26

aerobic - carbon dioxide + water anaerobic - lattice acid

Question 27

what are are 3 things that go on after vigorous exercise

Answer 27

-lattice acid transports to liver from muscle. -fast heart rate - transport lattice acid to liver from muscles through bloodstream. -breathe deeper and faster - extra oxygen to oxidise lattice acid.

Question 28

what does a respirometer do

Answer 28

measure oxygen taken up by small organisms (the one with coloured liquid)

Question 29

what does the liver produce when it oxideses lactic acid

Answer 29

water and carbon dioxide

Question 30

composition of air in a balloon inflated by someone

Answer 30

O2 - 14% CO2 - 4%