B12 - aerobic and anaerobic respiration Flashcards
define respiration
chemical reaction in cells that break down nutrient molecules and release energy for metabolism
when and where does respiration take place
all the time in all cells of living things
what is the main energy used to provide energy in cells
glucose
6 uses of energy in living things
-muscle contractions
-protein synthesis
-cell division
-growth
-the passage of nerve impulses
-maintenance of a constant body temperature (37C)
define aerobic respiration
chemical reaction in cells that use oxygen to break down nutrient molecules and to release energy
balanced equation for aerobic respiration (don’t add energy)
C6H12O6 + 6O = 6CO2 + 6H20
1glucose + 6oxygen = 6 carbon dioxide + 6 water
word equation for aerobic respiration (don’t add energy)
glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water
how much energy is produced from aerobic respiration
2880 KJ
2 aerobic respiration experiments
-use soaked pea seed with a thermometer
-set up a respirometer including soda lime to absorb carbon dioxide and a coloured liquid which will move towards the organism
2 evidence of aerobic respiration
-heat released
-used up oxygen - so coloured liquid moves towards organism
define anaerobic respiration
chemical reaction in cells that breaks down nutrient molecules to release energy without oxygen
how does anaerobic respiration work
during VIGOUROUS exercises, demand of oxygen exceed supply of oxygen (causing oxygen debt), muscles do anaerobic respiration
word equation for anaerobic respiration (don’t add energy)
glucose = lattice acid
how much energy is produced from anaerobic respiration
120 KJ
what does lattice acid build up do to muscles
-muscle fatigue
-feel pain
why cannot anaerobic respiration continue for a long time
lattice acid build up
what happens after VIGOROUS exercise stops
lattice acid is sent to liver through bloodstream to oxidise it. The heart continues to beat fast when transporting lattice acid from muscles to liver
how is breathing affected after anaerobic respiration and why
they breathe DEEPLY and RAPIDLY to supply extra oxygen to oxidise the toxic lattice acid into harmless products.
where does lattice acid build up
-muscles
-blood
define oxygen debt
the extra oxygen needed after exercise to break down lactic acid
advantages of aerobic over anaerobic
-not produce lattice acid
-release more energy
explanation of increased oxygen consumption
-increased muscle contractions
-increased need for energy and oxygen
-increased breathing rate
is carbon dioxide released in anaerobic respiration
no
is oxygen required for anaerobic respiration
no
reactants of aerobic and anaerobic
aerobic - glucose + oxygen
anaerobic - glucose
products of aerobic and anaerobic
aerobic - carbon dioxide + water
anaerobic - lattice acid
what are are 3 things that go on after vigorous exercise
-lattice acid transports to liver from muscle.
-fast heart rate - transport lattice acid to liver from muscles through bloodstream.
-breathe deeper and faster - extra oxygen to oxidise lattice acid.
what does a respirometer do
measure oxygen taken up by small organisms (the one with coloured liquid)
what does the liver produce when it oxideses lactic acid
water and carbon dioxide
composition of air in a balloon inflated by someone
O2 - 14%
CO2 - 4%