B18 - organisms and their environment, carbon cycle Flashcards
define the sun
Sun is the principal source of energy input into biological systems
describe the energy transfer from the entering to leaving
-energy enters the ecosystem from the sun to the first trophic level in the form of light energy
- light energy is converted into chemical energy by producers through photosynthesis
-eventually all the energy leave the ecosystem as heat energy by respiration or lost and used in each trophic level
what does it mean by energy flow being non-cynical
not recycled, you cant give energy back to the plants once it reaches the top of the food chain
what do arrows show
direction of energy transfer
define food chains
shows transfer of energy from 1 organism to the next beginning with a producer
define food webs
a network of interconnected food chains
why are food webs better than food chains
food webs show the relationships between multiple organisms
define trophic level
the position of an organism in a food chain/ web
define producer
an organism that make sit own organic nutrients usually using energy from the sunlight through photosynthesis (1 trophic level)
define consumer
an organism that gets it energy by feeding on other organisms
define predator
an organism at the top of the food chain/web and are not killed by other organisms
define herbivore
an animal that gets its energy only from plants
define carnivore
an animal that gets its energy by eating other organisms
define primary consumer
organism that feeds on a producer
define secondary consumer
organism that feeds on a primary consumer
define tertiary consumer
organism that feeds on a secondary consumer